Quality of life of medical students in China: a study using the WHOQOL-BREF.
Quality of life of medical students in China: a study using the WHOQOL-BREF.
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中国医学生的生活质量：使用 WHOQOL-BREF 进行的研究
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0049714
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Liu J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang Y;Qu B;Lun S;Wang D;Guo Y;Liu J
目的评估医学生在医学教育期间的生活质量，探讨影响学生生活质量的因素。方法于2011年6月进行横断面研究。研究人群由中国医科大学1~5年级医学生1686人组成。采用WHOQOL-BREF中文版对医学生进行生活质量测评。问卷的信度和效度分别采用克朗巴赫的α系数和因子分析进行检验。采用t检验、单因素方差分析、学生-纽曼-科尔斯检验等方法，分析性别、学年水平、专业等因素与生活质量的关系。采用SPSS13.0统计软件进行统计分析。结果WHOQOL-BREF问卷的总体α系数为0.731。验证性因素分析对医学生样本中的四因素模型提供了可接受的拟合。不同学年大学生在心理健康和社会关系领域得分差异有统计学意义(P<；0.05)。三年级学生在心理健康和社会关系领域得分最低。不同专业在心理健康和社会关系领域得分差异有统计学意义(P<；0.05)。临床医学专业的学生得分最高。性别、对学习领域的兴趣、对职业发展的信心、家乡所在地和体育锻炼与学生在某些领域的生活质量显著相关(p<；0.05)。结论WHOQOL-BREF在中国医学生生活质量测评中具有较好的信度和效度。为了应对生活质量的影响因素，医学院校应进行课程改革，对医学生，特别是三年级学生给予必要的支持。
Objective The aim of this study was to assess the quality of life (QOL) of medical students during their medical education and explore the influencing factors of the QOL of students. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2011. The study population was composed of 1686 medical students in years 1 to 5 at China Medical University. The Chinese version of WHOQOL-BREF instrument was used to assess the QOL of medical students. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were assessed by Cronbach’s α coefficient and factor analysis respectively. The relationships between QOL and the factors including gender, academic year level, and specialty were examined using t-test or one-way ANOVA followed by Student-Newman–Keuls test. Statistic analysis was performed by SPSS 13.0. Results The overall Cronbach’s α coefficient of the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was 0.731. The confirmatory factor analysis provided an acceptable fit to a four-factor model in the medical student sample. The scores of different academic years were significantly different in the psychological health and social relations domains (p<0.05). Third year students had the lowest scores in psychological health and social relations domains. The scores of different specialties had significant differences in psychological health and social relations domains (p<0.05). Students from clinical medicine had the highest scores. Gender, interest in the area of study, confidence in career development, hometown location, and physical exercise were significantly associated with the quality of life of students in some domains (p<0.05). Conclusions The WHOQOL-BREF was reliable and valid in the assessment of the QOL of Chinese medical students. In order to cope with the influencing factors of the QOL, medical schools should carry out curriculum innovation and give the necessary support for medical students, especially for 3rd year students.
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