Aging-related selectivity and susceptibility to irrelevant affective information
Aging-related selectivity and susceptibility to irrelevant affective information
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DOI：
10.1080/13825580590925170
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发表时间：
2005-06-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Hodges, EA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hess, TM;Germain, CM;Hodges, EA
两个实验进行了检查的假设，即老龄化与增加的选择性与任务参与和相关的认知资源分配。年龄从20岁到83岁的成年人被要求提供对虚构的政治节目提案的态度评级，这些提案在个人相关性方面各不相同。最感兴趣的是这些态度评级在多大程度上会受到个人可爱程度的影响（即，（来源：节目负责人）与预期一致，老年人比年轻的成年人更有可能提供与来源的可爱性相一致的态度评级，这种影响受到结构和个人相关性的需要的调节。研究结果是支持的一般论点，老年人能够监测和控制无关信息对性能的影响，但最有可能从事这种操作的情况下，高意义。年轻的成年人也表现出类似的效果，但随着年龄的增长，意义水平的变化也会增加，这种模式与年龄相关的选择性增加是一致的。
Two experiments were conducted to examine the hypothesis that aging is associated with an increase in the selectivity associated with task engagement and related cognitive resource allocation. Adults ranging in age from 20 to 83 years were asked to provide attitude ratings about fictitious political program proposals that varied in terms of personal relevance. Of primary interest was the extent to which these attitude ratings would be influenced by the likability of the individual (i.e., source) responsible for the programs. Consistent with expectations, older adults were more likely than younger adults to provide attitude ratings consistent with the likableness of the source, with this effect being moderated by need for structure and personal relevance. The findings are supportive of the general argument that older adults are able to monitor and control the impact of irrelevant information on performance, but are most likely to engage in such operations in situations of high meaningfulness. Younger adults exhibit similar effects, but the variability across levels of meaningfulness increases with age, a pattern consistent with an aging-related increase in selectivity.