Formulation of Diagnostic Expertise in Oral Health Care and Its Application to Clinical Education
Formulation of Diagnostic Expertise in Oral Health Care and Its Application to Clinical Education
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口腔保健诊断专业知识的制定及其在临床教育中的应用
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发表时间：
2017
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通讯作者：
K. Takada
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作者：
Kyoko Ito;Haruki Sao;Takashi Nagamatsu;J. Nagata;K. Takada
在诊断过程中，目视检查病人的身体状况是重要的一步。这种初步检查是必不可少的牙科/医疗从业人员正确评估，在临床环境中，是否存在异常，以及病人的病理状态。高技能的目视检查可以制定有效的治疗计划，而粗糙、低技能的检查可能会导致诊断错误，从而延长治疗时间。学生和没有经验的住院医师要想掌握高水平的目视检查技能，掌握专家医师在目视检查过程中的技能和技巧是至关重要的。在本研究中，我们将眼球运动作为描述凝视行为的参数。这一指标应反映专业知识利用由熟练的牙科医生在病人的脸和口腔的视觉检查。我们选择口面部区域作为诊断部位。这个区域表现出复杂的三维结构，与食物摄入、呼吸、语言交流和审美密切相关。它是身体的一个重要部分，需要熟练的视觉判断才能进行正确的诊断。我们进行了一次实验。参与者是两位经验丰富的牙科医生。实验结果表明，眼球运动具有一定的诊断模式，并可按一定的模式进行分类。
Visual inspection of a patient’s physical condition is an important step in the diagnostic process. This preliminary check is indispensable for dental/medical practitioners to properly assess, in a clinical environment, the presence or absence of abnormalities as well as the pathologic status of the patient. A highly skilled visual inspection results in effective treatment planning, whereas a crude, low-skilled inspection may likely result in diagnostic errors and subsequent prolongation of the treatment period. For students and inexperienced residents to acquire the highly sophisticated skill of visual inspection, it would be crucial to master skills and techniques performed by expert practitioners in the process of visual inspection. In this study, we focus on eye motion as a parameter that describes gaze behavior. This metric should reflect the expertise utilized by proficient dental practitioners during a visual inspection of a patient’s face and oral cavity. We select the orofacial region as the site for diagnosis. This region manifests an intricate three- dimensional configuration and is strongly relevant to food intake, respiration, verbal communication, and aesthetics. It is an important part of the body that requires proficient visual judgment for proper diagnostics. We have conducted an experiment. The participants were two highly experienced dental doctors. The results of the experiment show that there would be the patterns of eye movements for diagnosis and it would be categorized in some patterns.