Holistic understanding of contemporary ecosystems requires integration of data on domesticated, captive and cultivated organisms.
Holistic understanding of contemporary ecosystems requires integration of data on domesticated, captive and cultivated organisms.
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对当代生态系统的整体理解需要整合有关驯化，俘虏和栽培生物的数据。
DOI：
10.3897/bdj.9.e65371
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Upham N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Groom Q;Adriaens T;Bertolino S;Phelps K;Poelen JH;Reeder DM;Richardson DM;Simmons NB;Upham N
应将家养和圈养动物以及栽培植物视为当代生态系统的组成部分。它们通过杂交、捕食、食草、竞争和疾病传播等机制与野生生物相互作用，并且在许多情况下定义了生态系统特性。然而，普遍的做法是将驯养、圈养和栽培生物的数据排除在生物多样性存储库（例如自然历史收藏）之外。此外，农业、兽医学、流行病学和入侵科学等学科中收集的生物多样性数据缺乏整合。为了保持自然过程数据的“纯度”，特定学科的数据通常被故意排除在综合数据库之外。我们认为，这种数据排他性做法不仅没有好处，反而极大地限制了特定学科数据在农业害虫管理、入侵生物学、传染病预防和社区生态学等应用中的效用。数据提供者可以通过使用标准来表明所观察到的生物体是野生的还是驯化的，并将其数据与其他生物多样性数据（例如全球生物多样性信息设施中的数据）整合来解决这个问题。这样做将有助于整合相关学科的全面生物多样性知识，以解决紧迫的社会问题。
Domestic and captive animals and cultivated plants should be recognised as integral components in contemporary ecosystems. They interact with wild organisms through such mechanisms as hybridization, predation, herbivory, competition and disease transmission and, in many cases, define ecosystem properties. Nevertheless, it is widespread practice for data on domestic, captive and cultivated organisms to be excluded from biodiversity repositories, such as natural history collections. Furthermore, there is a lack of integration of data collected about biodiversity in disciplines, such as agriculture, veterinary science, epidemiology and invasion science. Discipline-specific data are often intentionally excluded from integrative databases in order to maintain the “purity” of data on natural processes. Rather than being beneficial, we argue that this practise of data exclusivity greatly limits the utility of discipline-specific data for applications ranging from agricultural pest management to invasion biology, infectious disease prevention and community ecology. This problem can be resolved by data providers using standards to indicate whether the observed organism is of wild or domestic origin and by integrating their data with other biodiversity data (e.g. in the Global Biodiversity Information Facility). Doing so will enable efforts to integrate the full panorama of biodiversity knowledge across related disciplines to tackle pressing societal questions.