Application of processed organic municipal solid waste on agricultural land - a scenario analysis
Application of processed organic municipal solid waste on agricultural land - a scenario analysis
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DOI：
10.1007/s10666-005-9028-0
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发表时间：
2006-08-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Jensen, Lars S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bruun, Sander;Hansen, Trine Lund;Jensen, Lars S.
来源分离、堆肥和厌氧消化，以及相关的土地应用，越来越多地被视为城市固体废物(MSW)填埋和焚烧的替代废物管理策略。环境生命周期评估是关于废物管理战略的政治决策的有用工具。然而，由于处理后的有机垃圾的多样性和可利用的情况，土地利用的环境影响很难通过实验手段来确定。在目前的研究中，我们使用农业生态系统模型DAISY来模拟一系列不同的情景，这些情景代表了丹麦条件和立法下不同的地理区域、农场和土壤类型。一般来说，与相应的标准情景相比，加工有机垃圾的应用会导致排放量增加，但情景之间的差异很大。氮素淋失到地下水的排放系数在0.03~0.87之间，而通过瓦片排水沟流失到地表水中的氮素的排放系数在0到0.30之间。N2O生成的排放系数为0.013~0.022，氨挥发的排放系数为0.016~0.11.这些估计值在类似条件下的观测值的合理范围内。此外，敏感性分析表明，这些估计值对处理后的有机垃圾的矿化动力学不是很敏感。结果表明，农业生态系统模型可以作为评价不同条件下城市生活垃圾处理后土地利用环境影响的有力工具。尽管如此，农业生态系统模型仅在非常有限的程度上用于此目的。
Source separation, composting and anaerobic digestion, with associated land application, are increasingly being considered as alternative waste management strategies to landfilling and incineration of municipal solid waste (MSW). Environmental life cycle assessments are a useful tool in political decision-making about waste management strategies. However, due to the diversity of processed organic MSW and the situations in which it can be applied, the environmental impacts of land application are very hard to determine by experimental means. In the current study, we used the agroecosystem model Daisy to simulate a range of different scenarios representing different geographical areas, farm and soil types under Danish conditions and legislation. Generally, the application of processed organic MSW resulted in increased emissions compared with the corresponding standard scenarios, but with large differences between scenarios. Emission coefficients for nitrogen leaching to the groundwater ranged from 0.03 to 0.87, while those for nitrogen lost to surface waters through tile drains ranged from 0 to 0.30. Emission coefficients for N2O formation ranged from 0.013 to 0.022 and for ammonia volatilization from 0.016 to 0.11. These estimates are within reasonable range of observed values under similar conditions. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis showed that the estimates were not very sensitive to the mineralization dynamics of the processed organic MSW. The results show that agroecosystem models can be powerful tools to estimate the environmental impacts of land application of processed MSW under different conditions. Despite this, agroecosystem models have only been used to a very limited degree for this purpose.