Antibiotic degradation during manure composting
Antibiotic degradation during manure composting
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DOI：
10.2134/jeq2007.0399
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发表时间：
2008-05-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Noll, Sally
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dolliver, Holly;Gupta, Satish;Noll, Sally
农场粪便管理做法，如堆肥，可提供一种在土地使用前降低粪便中抗生素浓度的实用和经济的选择，从而最大限度地减少环境污染的可能性。本研究的目的是量化金霉素、莫能菌素、磺胺二甲嘧啶和泰乐菌素在堆肥过程中金霉素、莫能菌素和泰乐菌素在火鸡(Meleagris Gallopavo)粪便中的降解情况。评估了三种粪便堆肥处理：对照处理(初始混合后不干扰或调整的粪便堆放)、管理堆肥堆肥(每周混合和水分含量调整)和容器堆肥。尽管堆肥处理和对照之间在温度、质量和养分损失方面存在显著差异，但不同处理之间的抗生素降解没有差异。金霉素浓度在堆肥过程中迅速下降，而莫能菌素和泰乐菌素浓度在三个处理中都逐渐下降。磺胺二甲嘧啶在所有处理中均未发生降解。在堆肥期结束时(22-35d)，金霉素的降幅为99%，而莫能菌素和泰乐菌素的降幅在54%到76%之间。假设为一级衰减，金霉素、莫能菌素和泰乐菌素的半衰期分别为1、17和19d。这些数据表明，在降解粪便中的某些抗生素方面，在粪便堆或容器中进行管理组合并不比对照处理更好。因此，对于畜牧业生产者来说，在土地使用前减少粪便中的抗生素含量，在水分初步调整后进行低水平的粪便管理，如囤积，可能是一个实用和经济的选择。
On-farm manure management practices, such as composting, may provide a practical and economical option for reducing antibiotic concentrations in manure before land application, thereby minimizing the potential for environmental contamination. The objective of this study was to quantify degradation of chlortetracycline, monensin, sulfamethazine, and tylosin in spiked turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) litter during composting. Three manure composting treatments were evaluated: a control treatment (manure pile with no disturbance or adjustments after initial mixing), a managed compost pile (weekly mixing and moisture content adjustments), and vessel composting. Despite significant differences in temperature, mass, and nutrient losses between the composting treatments and the control, there was no difference in antibiotic degradation among the treatments. Chlortetracycline concentrations declined rapidly during composting, whereas monensin and tylosin concentrations declined gradually in all three treatments. There was no degradation of sulfamethazine in any of treatments. At the conclusion of the composting period (22-35 d), there was >99% reduction in chlortetracycline, whereas monensin and tylosin reduction ranged from 54 to 76% in all three treatments. Assuming first-order decay, the half-lives for chlortetracycline, monensin, and tylosin were 1, 17, and 19 d, respectively. These data suggest that managed compositing in a manure pile or in a vessel is not better than the control treatment in degrading certain antibiotics in manure. Therefore, low-level manure management, such as stockpiling, after an initial adjustment of water content may be a practical and economical option for livestock producers in reducing antibiotic levels in manure before land application.