Optimal Designs for Multi-Arm Phase II/III Drug Development Programs

Optimal Designs for Multi-Arm Phase II/III Drug Development Programs
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多臂 II/III 期药物开发项目的优化设计

DOI:
10.1080/19466315.2019.1702092
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
1.8
通讯作者:
Kieser
Kieser
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Preussler;Kirchner;Götte;Kieser

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在药物开发项目中,II期研究可以作为多组试验进行,旨在确定具有最佳获益-风险特征的治疗。随后的确证性III期试验试图证明指定治疗的有效性和安全性。虽然从整体上考虑多组II/III期研究以优化药物开发是最重要的,但具有合理的通过/不通过决策规则的样本量分配变得更加复杂,但对于指导决策至关重要。例如,人们必须决定是否只使用单一(最有希望的)治疗进行III期试验,或者使用多种治疗(如果有足够的希望)。我们提出了一个方案明智的II/III期药物开发规划的框架,旨在优化样本量分配和去/不去的决策规则方面的最大预期效用的时间到事件的终点。该方法基于效用函数,考虑了例如项目的固定和可变成本、成功上市后的预期获益、假设的真实治疗效果和事件发生率。我们说明我们的方法应用到实际的例子。我们的研究结果表明,项目明智的药物开发规划是必不可少的。这可以通过使用用户友好的R Shiny应用程序来完成。本文的补充材料可在网上查阅。
In drug development programs, phase II studies may be carried out as multi-arm trials aiming to identify treatment(s) with the optimal benefit-to-risk profile(s). Succeeding confirmatory phase III trials then attempt to demonstrate efficacy and safety of the designated treatment(s). While upmost important to consider multi-arm phase II/III study(ies) holistically to optimize drug development, sample size allocation with sound go/no-go decision rules has become more complex to handle but critical to guide decision making. For example, one has to decide whether to conduct the phase III trial with a single (the most promising) treatment only, or with multiple treatments (if sufficiently promising). We propose a framework for program-wise phase II/III drug development planning aiming to optimize the sample size allocation and go/no-go decision rule with respect to the maximal expected utility for time-to-event endpoints. The approach is based on a utility function taking into account, for example, fixed and variable costs of the program, expected benefits after successful market launch, assumed true treatment effects, and event rates. We illustrate our method by application to practical examples. Our results show that program-wise drug development planning is indispensable. This can be done by using a user-friendly R Shiny application. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
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