TOWARD A THEORY OF SITUATION AWARENESS IN DYNAMIC-SYSTEMS
TOWARD A THEORY OF SITUATION AWARENESS IN DYNAMIC-SYSTEMS
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DOI：
10.1518/001872095779049543
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发表时间：
1995-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
ENDSLEY, MR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ENDSLEY, MR
本文基于情境意识在多个领域的动态人类决策中的作用，提出了情境意识的理论模型。基于决策的描述性观点，态势感知被视为系统操作的主要关注点。探讨了情境意识与众多个人和环境因素之间的关系。在这些因素中，注意力和工作记忆被认为是限制操作员从环境中获取和解释信息以形成态势感知的关键因素，而心理模型和目标导向行为被认为是克服这些限制的重要机制。讨论了设计特征、工作负载、压力、系统复杂性和自动化对操作员态势感知的影响，并根据所提出的模型引入了态势感知错误的分类法。该模型用于生成增强操作员态势感知的设计含义以及态势感知研究的未来方向。
This paper presents a theoretical model of situation awareness based on its role in dynamic human decision making in a variety of domains. Situation awareness is presented as a predominant concern in system operation, based on a descriptive view of decision making. The relationship between situation awareness and numerous individual and environmental factors is explored. Among these factors, attention and working memory are presented as critical factors limiting operators from acquiring and interpreting information from the environment to form situation awareness, and mental models and goal-directed behavior are hypothesized as important mechanisms for overcoming these limits. The impact of design features, workload, stress, system complexity, and automation on operator situation awareness is addressed, and a taxonomy of errors in situation awareness is introduced, based on the model presented. The model is used to generate design implications for enhancing operator situation awareness and future directions for situation awareness research.