Interactions with Ethanol
Interactions with Ethanol
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与乙醇的相互作用
DOI：
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发表时间：
1980
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
W. Mendelson
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文献类型：
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作者：
W. Mendelson
乙醇通常与催眠药结合使用，以改善睡眠。例如，Guilleminault、Spiegel和Dement（1977）发现，在洛杉矶地区的549名失眠症患者中，21%的人“经常”服用乙醇和催眠药。当一个人在白天喝了一杯安眠药后，他的血液中残留了安眠药的浓度，这两者也会不经意地结合在一起。这就增加了一种可能性，即它们的相互作用可能会增加毒性或因协调或判断能力受损而造成伤害的风险，例如在驾驶时（见第6章）。酒精通常与催眠药和其他药物一起服用，以试图自杀。（乙醇和药物的组合代表了DAWN* 计划中第二个最常见的急诊室问题。有一些理由相信，在似乎患有药物毒性的患者中，同时使用乙醇往往被忽视。在一项研究中，病理学服务在医生仅用于药物测定的血液样本中寻找乙醇（由于怀疑有毒药物反应）。结果发现，19%的此类样本对乙醇也呈阳性（Hirsch，Valentour，Adelson和Sunshine，1973）。因此，除非还检查了这些药物与乙醇的相互作用，否则对催眠药毒性的检查将是不完整的。
Ethanol is often combined with hypnotics in an effort to improve sleep. Guilleminault, Spiegel, and Dement (1977), for instance, found that among 549 insomniacs in the Los Angeles area, 21% took ethanol plus a hypnotic “frequently.” The two are also inadvertently combined whenever a person who has residual blood concentrations of a hypnotic from nightly use takes a drink during the day. This raises the possibility that their interaction may carry an increased risk either of toxicity or of injuries due to impaired coordination or judgment, for instance when driving (see Chapter 6). Ethanol is often taken in combination with hypnotics and other drugs in suicide attempts. (A combination of ethanol and a drug represents the second most common emergency room problem in the DAWN* program.) There is some reason to believe that concurrent ethanol use is often overlooked in patients who appear to be suffering from a drug toxicity. In one study, a pathology service looked for ethanol in blood samples which had been sent by physicians only for drug determinations (due to suspected toxic drug reactions). It was found that 19% of such samples were positive for ethanol as well (Hirsch, Valentour, Adelson, & Sunshine, 1973). Thus an examination of toxicity of hypnotics would be incomplete unless it also examined the interaction of these agents with ethanol.