Corticolimbic dysregulation and chronic methamphetamine abuse
Corticolimbic dysregulation and chronic methamphetamine abuse
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01777.x
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发表时间：
2007-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
London, Edythe D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baicy, Kate;London, Edythe D.
目的：本综述旨在提出和解释证据表明，甲基苯丙胺依赖与自上而下的行为控制所需的脑功能障碍。方法：这里介绍的是从人类研究参与者的大脑成像研究的结果与历史的慢性甲基苯丙胺滥用的功能后果和影响的背景下，他们对甲基苯丙胺的依赖治疗。调查结果：脑成像研究揭示了长期使用甲基苯丙胺然后戒断服用该药物的研究参与者与健康对照受试者的大脑差异。这些异常在皮质和边缘系统中是突出的，并且包括多巴胺能和多巴胺能神经递质系统的标志物的缺陷、葡萄糖代谢的差异和灰质的缺陷。这些异常伴随认知缺陷，包括抑制控制受损的证据。结论：戒断甲基苯丙胺滥用者的皮质缺陷可能影响广泛的功能，这些功能对于成功维持药物戒断至关重要。这些包括但不限于调节对环境刺激的反应以及可能导致渴望和复发的内部触发因素。潜在的治疗方法可能会将联合收割机行为方法与改善认知控制的药物结合起来。
Aim:This review aims to present and interpret evidence that methamphetamine dependence is associated with disorder of brain function that is required for top-down control of behavior. Approach: Presented here are findings from brain imaging studies of human research participants with histories of chronic methamphetamine abuse in the context of functional consequences and implications for treatment of their dependence on methamphetamine. Findings: Brain imaging studies have revealed differences in the brains of research participants who have used methamphetamine chronically and then abstained from taking the drug, compared with healthy control subjects. These abnormalities are prominent in cortical and limbic systems, and include deficits in markers of dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotransmitter systems, differences in glucose metabolism and deficits in gray matter. These abnormalities accompany cognitive deficits, including evidence of impaired inhibitory control. Conclusions: Cortical deficits in abstinent methamphetamine abusers can affect a wide range of functions that can be important for success in maintaining drug abstinence. These include but are not limited to modulation of responses to environmental stimuli as well as internal triggers that can lead to craving and relapse. Potential therapies may combine behavioral approaches with medications that can improve cognitive control.