Reduced Gyral Window and Corpus Callosum Size in Autism: Possible Macroscopic Correlates of a Minicolumnopathy
Reduced Gyral Window and Corpus Callosum Size in Autism: Possible Macroscopic Correlates of a Minicolumnopathy
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DOI：
10.1007/s10803-008-0681-4
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发表时间：
2009-05-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Farag, Aly
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Casanova, Manuel F.;El-Baz, Ayman;Farag, Aly
遍及整个皮层重要部分的微小柱状变化具有宏观结构相关性，可以通过现代结构神经成像技术来可视化。在 14 名自闭症患者和 28 名对照者的磁共振图像 (MRI) 中，本研究发现宏观形态学与最近的神经病理学发现相关，表明自闭症存在微小柱状病变。自闭症患者表现出传入/传出皮质连接的孔径显着减小，即脑回窗。此外，脑回窗的大小与胼胝体的大小直接相关。减少的回旋窗口限制了投射纤维的可能大小，并使连接偏向较短的皮质皮质纤维，但以较长的关联/连合纤维为代价。这些发现可能有助于解释一些自闭症患者中观察到的运动技能发育异常、出生后大脑生长差异以及获得性功能的退化。
Minicolumnar changes that generalize throughout a significant portion of the cortex have macroscopic structural correlates that may be visualized with modern structural neuroimaging techniques. In magnetic resonance images (MRIs) of fourteen autistic patients and 28 controls, the present study found macroscopic morphological correlates to recent neuropathological findings suggesting a minicolumnopathy in autism. Autistic patients manifested a significant reduction in the aperture for afferent/efferent cortical connections, i.e., gyral window. Furthermore, the size of the gyral window directly correlated to the size of the corpus callosum. A reduced gyral window constrains the possible size of projection fibers and biases connectivity towards shorter corticocortical fibers at the expense of longer association/commisural fibers. The findings may help explain abnormalities in motor skill development, differences in postnatal brain growth, and the regression of acquired functions observed in some autistic patients.