Culture, coping, and context
Culture, coping, and context
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DOI：
10.1017/s0021963099004059
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发表时间：
1999-07
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
C. McCarty;J. Weisz;Kanchana Wanitromanee;Karen L. Eastman;S. Suwanlert;W. Chaiyasit;E. B. Band
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. McCarty;J. Weisz;Kanchana Wanitromanee;Karen L. Eastman;S. Suwanlert;W. Chaiyasit;E. B. Band
文化价值观和传统是否影响应对方式的发展？为了解决这个问题，我们比较了泰国和美国6-14岁儿童的自我应对报告。141名儿童接受了关于六个常见压力来源的采访：与朋友分离、在医生办公室注射、成人愤怒、同伴敌意、学业失败和身体伤害。儿童自我报告的应对方法被编码为过度秘密。复制目标被编码为反映一级控制(试图影响客观条件)、二级控制(试图使自己适应客观条件)或放弃控制。尽管研究结果揭示了许多跨国相似性，但也存在涉及文化的多重主要和交互影响，这表明社会文化背景可能对我们理解儿童应对至关重要。与有关泰国文化的文献一致，泰国儿童报告称，在涉及成人权威人物的压力源(即成人愤怒、在医生办公室注射)方面，泰国儿童的隐蔽应对能力是美国儿童的两倍多。在应对分离时，泰国儿童也报告了比美国儿童更多的次要控制目标，但美国儿童采用次要控制目标应对伤害的可能性是泰国儿童的五倍。这些发现支持一种应对发展模型，在该模型中，文化和压力源特征相互作用，社会差异最有可能出现在文化特定规范变得突出的情况下。
Do cultural values and traditions influence the development of coping styles ? To address this question, we compared self‐reports of coping by 6–14‐year‐olds in Thailand and the U.S. One hundred and forty‐one children were interviewed about six common stressors: separation from a friend, injection in a doctor's office, adult anger, peer animosity, school failure, and physical injury. Children's self‐reported copingmethodswere coded asovertorcovert. Copinggoalswere coded as reflectingprimary control(attempts to influence objective conditions),secondary control(attempts to adjust oneself to objective conditions), orrelinquished control. Although findings revealed numerous cross‐national similarities, there were also multiple main and interaction effects involving culture, suggesting that sociocultural context may be critical to our understanding of child coping. Consistent with literature on Thai culture, Thai children reported more than twice as much covert coping as American children for stressors involving adult authority figures (i.e. adult anger, injection in doctor's office). Thai children also reported more secondary control goals than Americans when coping with separation, but American children were five times as likely as Thais to adopt secondary control goals for coping with injury. The findings support a model of coping development in which culture and stressor characteristics interact, with societal differences most likely to be found in situations where culture‐specific norms become salient.