Growth and yield responses of potato to mixtures of carbon dioxide and ozone
Growth and yield responses of potato to mixtures of carbon dioxide and ozone
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DOI：
10.2134/jeq2003.1603
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发表时间：
2003-09-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Pursley, WA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heagle, AS;Miller, JE;Pursley, WA
大气中二氧化碳 (CO2) 浓度升高可以刺激植物生长和产量，而地面臭氧 (O-3) 浓度在世界许多地区会产生相反的效果。最近的实验表明，升高的二氧化碳浓度可以保护某些植物免受 O-3 胁迫，但这尚未针对大多数作物种类进行测试。我们的目标是确定升高的 CO2 是否可以保护爱尔兰马铃薯 (Solanum tuberosum L.) 免受 O-3 引起的叶损伤以及生长和产量抑制。一个 O-3 抗性品种（Superior）和一个 O-3 敏感品种（Dark Red Norland）从出苗后 10 天内到成熟，在开放式田间室中暴露于三种 CO2 和三种 O-3 混合处理。三种CO2 处理为环境CO2（370 μL L-1），两种处理为将CO2 添加到环境CO2 中持续24 h d(-1)（540 和715 μL L-1）。 O-3处理是经木炭过滤的空气(15nL L-1)、未过滤的空气(45nL L-1)和添加O 3 12小时d(-1)的未过滤的空气(80nL L-1)。升高的O-3和CO2对Dark Red Norland的叶片造成大面积伤害，但对Superior仅造成轻微伤害。 CO2 升高会增加两个品种的生长和块茎产量，而 O-3 升高通常会抑制生长和产量，主要是深红 Norland。升高的 CO2 似乎可以保护深红 Norland 免受 O-3 诱导的芽、根和块茎重量抑制（如季中测量），但不能保护任一品种在最终收获时免受 O-3 胁迫。结果进一步说明根据单个气体的影响来预测 O-3 + CO2 混合物的影响是困难的。
Elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in the atmosphere can stimulate plant growth and yield, whereas ground-level ozone (O-3) concentrations cause the opposite effect in many areas of the world. Recent experiments show that elevated CO2 can protect some plants from O-3 stress, but this has not been tested for most crop species. Our objective was to determine if elevated CO2 protects Irish potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) from foliar injury and suppression of growth and yield caused by O-3. An O-3-resistant cultivar (Superior) and an O-3-sensitive cultivar (Dark Red Norland) were exposed from within 10 d after emergence to maturity to mixtures of three CO2 and three O-3 treatments in open-top field chambers. The three CO2 treatments were ambient (370 muL L-1) and two treatments with CO2 added to ambient CO2 for 24 h d(-1) (540 and 715 muL L-1). The O-3 treatments were charcoal-filtered air (15 nL L-1), nonfiltered air (45 nL L-1), and nonfiltered air with 03 added for 12 h d(-1) (80 nL L-1). Elevated O-3 and CO2 caused extensive foliar injury of Dark Red Norland, but caused only slight injury of Superior. Elevated CO2 increased growth and tuber yield of both cultivars, whereas elevated O-3 generally suppressed growth and yield, mainly of Dark Red Norland. Elevated CO2 appeared to protect Dark Red Norland from O-3-induced suppression of shoot, root, and tuber weight as measured at midseason but did not protect either cultivar from O-3 stress at the final harvest. The results further illustrate the difficulty in predicting effects of O-3 + CO2 mixtures based on the effects of the individual gases.