Partial-Single-Atom, Partial-Nanoparticle Composites Enhance Water Dissociation for Hydrogen Evolution.

Partial-Single-Atom, Partial-Nanoparticle Composites Enhance Water Dissociation for Hydrogen Evolution.
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部分单原子、部分纳米粒子复合材料增强水解离以析氢

DOI:
10.1002/advs.202001881
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发表时间:
2021-01
期刊:
Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Wang J
Wang J
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hu C;Song E;Wang M;Chen W;Huang F;Feng Z;Liu J;Wang J

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开发一种高效的电催化剂用于析氢反应(HER),对于通过水裂解将可再生电力转化为纯净的氢气具有重要意义。然而,构建具有多个位点的活性电催化剂,可以促进水分子的解离仍然是一个巨大的挑战。在本文中,报道了由纳米级钌(Ru)纳米颗粒(NP)和单个Ru原子组成的部分单原子部分纳米颗粒复合物作为碱性介质中的节能HER催化剂。这种独特复合材料的形成主要是由于热力学稳定性导致Ru纳米颗粒分散到Fe/N共掺杂碳(Fe-N-C)基底上的小尺寸纳米颗粒和单原子(SA)。优化的催化剂表现出优异的HER活性,在10 mA cm−2(η 10)下具有超低的过电位(9 mV),高的转换频率(在50 mV过电位下为8.9 H2 s−1),以及接近100%的法拉第效率,在碱性条件下优于最先进的商业Pt/C和其他已报道的HER电催化剂。实验和理论计算都表明,Ru纳米粒子和SA的共存可以改善氢化物偶联和水解离动力学,从而协同提高碱性析氢性能。在Fe-N-C基质中形成的部分单原子和部分纳米颗粒的纳米复合材料用作多位点电催化剂,用于析氢反应,具有9 mV的超低过电位,以实现10 mA cm−2,高转换频率和100%法拉第效率。理论计算表明,钌单原子有效地促进了水的解离,钌纳米颗粒促进了氢的解吸。
The development of an efficient electrocatalyst toward the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is of significant importance in transforming renewable electricity to pure and clean hydrogen by water splitting. However, the construction of an active electrocatalyst with multiple sites that can promote the dissociation of water molecules still remains a great challenge. Herein, a partial‐single‐atom, partial‐nanoparticle composite consisting of nanosized ruthenium (Ru) nanoparticles (NPs) and individual Ru atoms as an energy‐efficient HER catalyst in alkaline medium is reported. The formation of this unique composite mainly results from the dispersion of Ru NPs to small‐size NPs and single atoms (SAs) on the Fe/N codoped carbon (Fe–N–C) substrate due to the thermodynamic stability. The optimal catalyst exhibits an outstanding HER activity with an ultralow overpotential (9 mV) at 10 mA cm−2 (η 10), a high turnover frequency (8.9 H2 s−1 at 50 mV overpotential), and nearly 100% Faraday efficiency, outperforming the state‐of‐the‐art commercial Pt/C and other reported HER electrocatalysts in alkaline condition. Both experimental and theoretical calculations reveal that the coexistence of Ru NPs and SAs can improve the hydride coupling and water dissociation kinetics, thus synergistically enhancing alkaline hydrogen evolution performance. A nanocomposite of partial‐single‐atom and partial‐nanoparticle formed within the Fe–N–C matrix serves as a multiple‐site electrocatalyst toward hydrogen evolution reaction with an ultralow overpotential of 9 mV to achieve 10 mA cm−2, a high turnover frequency, and ≈100% Faradaic efficiency. Theoretical calculations reveal that ruthenium single‐atoms effectively facilitate water dissociation, and ruthenium nanoparticles promote hydrogen desorption.
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