A Survey of Bioenergy Research in Forest Service Research and Development
A Survey of Bioenergy Research in Forest Service Research and Development
复制标题
林业研究与开发中生物能源研究综述
作者：
A. Rudie;C. Houtman;L. Groom;D. Nicholls;J. Y. Zhu
森林生物质占美国每年可用于转化为生物基燃料、生物基化学品和生物产品的生物质的 25-30%。美国农业部林务局研究与开发部 (R&D) 自 1905 年成立以来一直专注于利用森林生物质生产产品，直接燃烧、实心锯材、纸浆和纸张、乙醇燃料以及森林化学产品均属于产品研发的任务领域。国家对将生物质转化为燃料和化学品的新兴趣支持了美国农业部林业局研发的最关键需求，即使用小直径树木和其他森林生物质，这些生物质需要在美国农业部林业局的燃料缓解、灭火和森林恢复工作中去除。本文将总结美国农业部林务局最近关于直接燃烧、燃料颗粒以及将森林生物质转化为乙醇的研究，既可以作为独立的生物精炼工艺，也可以作为传统木浆工艺的补充。
Forest biomass represents 25–30 % of the annual biomass available in the USA for conversion into bio-based fuels, bio-based chemicals, and bioproducts in general. The USDA Forest Service Research and Development (R&D) has been focused on producing products from forest biomass since its inception in 1905, with direct combustion, solid sawn lumber, pulp and paper, ethanol as fuel, and silvichemicals all among the mission areas of product research and development. The renewed national interest in biomass conversion to fuels and chemicals is supportive of the most critical need of USDA Forest Service R&D, uses for small-diameter trees and other forest biomass that needs to be removed in the fuel mitigation–fire suppression and forest restoration work of the USDA Forest Service. This paper will summarize the recent USDA Forest Service research on direct combustion, fuel pellets, and conversion of forest biomass to ethanol, both as stand-alone biorefinery processes and as an addition to the traditional wood pulping process.