Planning for an Inclusive Entrepreneurial Ecosystem: COVID-19 and Business Resilience in Underserved Communities
Planning for an Inclusive Entrepreneurial Ecosystem: COVID-19 and Business Resilience in Underserved Communities
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规划包容性的创业生态系统：COVID-19 和服务欠缺社区的商业弹性
DOI：
10.1080/01944363.2022.2105740
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Wang, Qingfang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wang, Qingfang
问题、研究策略和发现冠状病毒（COVID-19）大流行对美国的小企业产生了前所未有的影响。然而，小企业弹性研究很少对少数族裔企业的经验进行调查。在这项研究中，我使用了进化弹性的视角来研究南加州内陆的拉丁裔企业（LaOBs）应对大流行的经验。在2019冠状病毒病开始之前和之后，我与来自社会多个部门的广泛利益攸关方进行了深入访谈和焦点小组讨论。通过对他们的不同观点进行三角分析，我发现，COVID-19造成的短期危机源于服务不足社区对创业和商业发展的长期投资不足。个人和社区两级的社会经济脆弱性都影响到劳工的复原力，这种复原力受到大流行前网络和服务不足社区现有体制结构的制约。本研究仅集中于一个研究领域，没有获得跨民族、跨地区比较研究的大规模定量数据，存在一定的局限性。实践要点：在种族和少数民族拥有的企业中建立准备和恢复能力需要在服务不足的社区中持续投资技术，教育和社会网络建设，以及培育包容性的创业生态系统。规划者应该承认并接受越来越多的、临界数量的劳工，将其视为支持经济和社区发展的机会。应该同时考虑经济发展政策、劳动力发展政策和旨在减轻贫困和移民融合的社会政策。参与劳工及其社区的需求和愿望将有助于为这些服务不足的社区制定更有意义的政策。调查结果呼吁以前瞻性的态度制定更具变革性的议程，为代表性不足的声音提供机会，并挑战当今社会中存在问题的权力结构。
Problem, research strategy, and findingsThe coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has had an unprecedented impact on small businesses in the United States. However, small business resilience scholarship has seldom investigated the experiences of minority-owned businesses. In this study I used an evolutionary resilience perspective to examine the experiences of Latina-owned businesses (LaOBs) in inland Southern California in coping with the pandemic. I conducted in-depth interviews and focus group discussions, both before and following the start of COVID-19, with a broad array of stakeholders from multiple sectors of the community. By triangulating their different perspectives, I found that the short-term crisis attributed to COVID-19 stems from long-term underinvestment in entrepreneurship and business development in underserved communities. Socioeconomic vulnerability at both the individual and community levels affects LaOBs’ resilience, a resilience conditioned by pre-pandemic networking and the institutional structures existing in underserved communities. This study is limited because it focused on only one study area, and it did not have access to large-scale quantitative data for comparative studies across ethnic groups and places.Takeaway for practiceBuilding preparedness and resilience among racial and ethnic minority-owned businesses requires continuous investment in technology, education, and social network building in underserved communities, as well as the fostering of an inclusive entrepreneurship ecosystem. Planners should acknowledge and embrace a growing, critical mass of LaOBs as an opportunity to support economic and community development. Economic development policies, workforce development, and social policies targeting poverty alleviation and immigrant integration should be considered together. Engaging with the needs and aspirations of LaOBs and their communities will help generate more meaningful policies for underserved communities like these. The findings call for a forward-looking attitude toward developing a more transformational agenda that opens opportunities for underrepresented voices and challenges the problematic power structures existing in today’s society.