Nano-cerium vanadate: A novel inorganic ion exchanger for removal of americium and uranium from simulated aqueous nuclear waste
Nano-cerium vanadate: A novel inorganic ion exchanger for removal of americium and uranium from simulated aqueous nuclear waste
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.07.026
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发表时间：
2014-09-15
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Tyagi, Avesh Kumar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Banerjee, Chayan;Dudwadkar, Nilesh;Tyagi, Avesh Kumar
采用一种简便的低温共沉淀法合成了钒酸铈纳米粉末。用X射线衍射仪和透射电子显微镜对产物进行了表征，发现产物由类似于25 nm的球形纳米颗粒组成。研究了这些纳米粉末对放射性核素U-233(4.82 MeVα)和Am-241(5.49 MeVα，60keV伽马)的摄取效率。这些放射性核素在热力学和动力学上的有利吸收导致它们在3h内从酸性水溶液中完全去除。吸附容量随pH的升高而增大，Zeta电位值随pH的升高而减小，但离子强度对吸附容量的影响不明显。在吸附过程中，Sr2+、Ru3+、Fe3+等离子的影响很小，说明CeVO4纳米粉末适合于实际应用。等温线表明，在较低的进料浓度下，放射性金属离子在交换器固相中的吸收占优势，斜率为正的线性Kielland图表明金属离子与纳米粉末有良好的交换作用。与已报道的其他吸附剂的性能比较表明，纳米钒酸铈具有很好的从大量酸性水溶液中去除Am和铀的潜力。(C)2014爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
Cerium vanadate nanopowders were synthesized by a facile low temperature co-precipitation method. The product was characterized by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy and found to consist of similar to 25 nm spherical nanoparticles. The efficiency of these nanopowders for uptake of alphaemitting radionuclides U-233 (4.82 MeV alpha) and Am-241 (5.49 MeV alpha, 60 keV gamma) has been investigated. Thermodynamically and kinetically favorable uptake of these radionuclides resulted in their complete removal within 3 h from aqueous acidic feed solutions. The uptake capacity was observed to increase with increase in pH as the zeta potential value decreased with the increase in pH but effect of ionic strength was insignificant. Little influence of the ions like Sr2+, Ru3+, Fe3+, etc., in the uptake process indicated CeVO4 nanopowders to be amenable for practical applications. The isotherms indicated predominant uptake of the radioactive metal ions in the solid phase of the exchanger at lower feed concentrations and linear Kielland plots with positive slopes indicated favorable exchange of the metal ions with the nanopowder. Performance comparison with the other sorbents reported indicated excellent potential of nano-cerium vanadate for removing americium and uranium from large volumes of aqueous acidic solutions. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.