The double tragedy of irrigation systems in Tamil Nadu, India: assessment of the replacement of traditional systems by private wells
The double tragedy of irrigation systems in Tamil Nadu, India: assessment of the replacement of traditional systems by private wells
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印度泰米尔纳德邦灌溉系统的双重悲剧：对私人水井替代传统系统的评估
DOI：
10.2166/wp.2011.092
复制
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
K. Kajisa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Kajisa
本文研究了现代灌溉系统，即私人威尔斯与泵，使用在印度泰米尔纳德邦收集的村庄和家庭数据集的传统公共灌溉系统，称为坦克的替代的影响。我们的统计分析发现，一旦水箱损坏，没有威尔斯水井的农民的水稻产量将下降，因此完全依赖传统的灌溉系统，而那些有水井的农民的水稻产量不会受到影响。由于难以通过收入多样化来补偿产量损失，收入的减少幅度如此之大，以致没有水井的农民的贫困状况加剧。我们的分析还发现，即使在有水井的农民中，私人威尔斯水井的推广也没有显著增加水稻种植的净回报或利润，这可能是因为地下水的过度开采增加了灌溉成本，抵消了水井用户从高产中获得的高收入。这样，替代过程造成了双重悲剧：没有水井的农民的贫困加剧，而有水井的农民的过度开采和利润减少。最后一节讨论了避免悲剧的政策选择。
This paper investigates the impact of the replacement of traditional communal irrigation systems called tanks by modern irrigation systems, that is, private wells with pumps, using a village and household data set collected in Tamil Nadu, India. Our statistical analyses find that, once the tanks deteriorate, the rice yield of farmers who have no access to wells and thus rely solely on traditional irrigation systems will decrease, whereas those of farmers with well access will not be affected. Since compensation for yield loss by income diversification is difficult, the reduction of income is so large that poverty among farmers without well access increases. Our analyses also find that, even among farmers with well access, the dissemination of private wells results in no significant increase in net return or profit of rice cultivation, presumably because the overexploitation of groundwater increases the cost of irrigation and cancels out the well users' high revenue from high yield. In this way, the replacement process creates a double tragedy: increased poverty among farmers without well access and overexploitation and profit reduction among farmers with well access. Policy options to avoid the tragedy are discussed in the concluding section.
印度泰米尔纳德邦集体水箱灌溉管理衰退对贫困和公平的影响
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2007
期刊：
Agricultural Economics 36
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kajisa;K.;K.Palanisami;and T.Sakurai
通讯作者：
and T.Sakurai
【常见问题，容易被忽视的疾病】高脂血症
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
Modern Physician
影响因子：
--
作者：
Arai H;Ishibashi S;Bujo H;Hayashi T;Yamada N.;et al.;大西弘高;小泉順二
通讯作者：
小泉順二