Reproduction
Reproduction
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-soc-073014-112258
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Almeling, Rene
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Almeling, Rene
每个社会中的每个人都是生殖的结果，大多数美国男人和女人都会在一生中的某个时候生一个孩子。即使那些不想生孩子的人也必须与围绕父母身份的强烈文化假设作斗争，如果他们性活跃，则采取措施确保他们不会生育。在这篇综述中，我讨论了最近的研究怀孕，生育，堕胎，避孕，不孕症，辅助生殖。我认为，社会科学家已经概念化的生殖作为一系列的事件，主要发生在妇女的身体。为了促进这一领域的理论和实证研究，我提出了一个新的概念，即生殖是一个生物和社会过程。最后，我指出需要进一步研究的领域，包括生殖老化，男性，以及定性和定量研究的整合。
Every human being in every society results from reproduction, and most American men and women will have a child at some point in their lives. Even those who do not want to have children must contend with strong cultural presumptions around parenthood and, if they are sexually active, take steps to ensure they do not reproduce. In this review I discuss recent research on pregnancy, birth, abortion, contraception, infertility, and assisted reproduction. I argue that social scientists have conceptualized reproduction as a series of events that occur primarily in women's bodies. To stimulate theoretical and empirical research in this area, I develop a new conceptualization of reproduction as a biological and social process. I conclude by pointing to areas in need of further research, including reproductive aging, men, and the integration of qualitative and quantitative research.