Spontaneous discrimination of natural stimuli by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
Spontaneous discrimination of natural stimuli by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
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DOI：
10.1037/0735-7036.114.4.392
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发表时间：
2000-12-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Boysen, ST
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown, DA;Boysen, ST
向6只黑猩猩展示了5种不同动物(猫、黑猩猩、大猩猩、老虎、鱼)的彩色照片对。受试者用“相同”和“不同”的符号回答每一对受试者。测试了类内和类间辨别，在无差异强化的条件下，所有黑猩猩都按照实验者定义的5个类别对图像对进行分类。尽管之前的研究已经证明了非人类动物对自然类别的识别或区分，但受试者的反应通常会得到不同的强化。目前的发现表明，黑猩猩可以自发地对自然物体进行分类，这种分类可能与在人类受试者身上观察到的类似。
Six chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) were presented with pairs of color photographic images of 5 different categories of animals (cat, chimp, gorilla, tiger, fish). The subjects responded to each pair using symbols for "same" and "different." Both within- and between-category discriminations were tested, and all chimpanzees classified the image pairs in accordance with the 5 experimenter-defined categories under conditions of nondifferential reinforcement. Although previous studies have demonstrated identification or discrimination of natural categories by nonhuman animals, subjects were typically differentially reinforced for their responses. The present findings demonstrate that chimpanzees can classify natural objects spontaneously and that such classifications may be similar to those that would be observed in human subjects.