Characterization of the multicopper oxidase gene family in Anopheles gambiae.
Characterization of the multicopper oxidase gene family in Anopheles gambiae.
复制标题
冈比亚按蚊中多型氧化酶基因家族的表征。
DOI：
10.1016/j.ibmb.2008.07.001
复制
发表时间：
2008-09
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Kanost, Michael R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gorman, Maureen J.;Dittmer, Neal T.;Marshall, Jeremy L.;Kanost, Michael R.
多铜氧化酶（MCO）家族的酶包括漆酶，其氧化包括二酚在内的广泛底物，以及具有特定底物如铁、铜或抗坏血酸的几种氧化酶。我们已经确定了冈比亚按蚊基因组中的5个假定的MCO基因，并克隆了包含每个基因的完整编码区的cDNA。在所有发育阶段和所有的幼虫和成虫组织中检测到MCO 1 mRNA。我们观察到增加MCO 1转录丰度的中肠和马氏管成年女性的血餐后，在成人腹部尸体的免疫挑战。MCO 2 mRNA的两种选择性剪接亚型被鉴定。MCO 2的A亚型先前在幼虫和蛹的角质层中检测到，在那里它可能催化硬化反应。B亚型在卵巢中对血餐的反应是转录上调的。在成年中肠、马氏管和雄性生殖组织中检测到MCO 3 mRNA;与MCO 1一样，MCO 3 mRNA在免疫激发或血餐中上调。MCO 4和MCO 5主要在卵和幼虫的腹部尸体中观察到。昆虫MCO基因的系统发育分析确定了MCO 1和MCO 2在所有测试的昆虫基因组中的推定直系同源物，而MCO 3，MCO 4和MCO 5仅在两种蚊子中发现分析。MCO 2同源物具有特别高的序列相似性，表明它们处于强纯化选择下; A同种型比B同种型更保守。蚊子特有的群体与MCO 2共享共同的祖先。这项对蚊子MCO的初步研究表明，除了角质层晒黑外，MCO 2可能还需要卵发育或蛋壳晒黑，而MCO 1和MCO 3可能参与金属代谢或免疫。
The multicopper oxidase (MCO) family of enzymes includes laccases, which oxidize a broad range of substrates including diphenols, and several oxidases with specific substrates such as iron, copper or ascorbic acid. We have identified five putative MCO genes in the genome of Anopheles gambiae and have cloned cDNAs encompassing the full coding region for each gene. MCO1 mRNA was detected in all developmental stages and in all of the larval and adult tissues tested. We observed an increase in MCO1 transcript abundance in the midguts and Malphighian tubules of adult females following a blood meal and in adult abdominal carcasses in response to an immune challenge. Two alternatively spliced isoforms of MCO2 mRNA were identified. The A isoform of MCO2 was previously detected in larval and pupal cuticle where it probably catalyzes sclerotization reactions. The B isoform was transcriptionally upregulated in ovaries in response to a blood meal. MCO3 mRNA was detected in the adult midgut, Malpighian tubules, and male reproductive tissues; like MCO1, it was upregulated in response to an immune challenge or a blood meal. MCO4 and MCO5 were observed primarily in eggs and in the abdominal carcass of larvae. A phylogenetic analysis of insect MCO genes identified putative orthologs of MCO1 and MCO2 in all of the insect genomes tested, whereas MCO3, MCO4 and MCO5 were found only in the two mosquito species analyzed. MCO2 orthologs have especially high sequence similarity, suggesting that they are under strong purifying selection; the A isoforms are more conserved than the B isoforms. The mosquito specific group shares a common ancestor with MCO2. This initial study of mosquito MCOs suggests that MCO2 may be required for egg development or eggshell tanning in addition to cuticle tanning, while MCO1 and MCO3 may be involved in metal metabolism or immunity.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0504982102
发表时间：
2005-08-09
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Arakane, Y;Muthukrishnan, S;Kramer, KJ
通讯作者：
Kramer, KJ
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Dittmer, NT;Suderman, RJ;Kanost, MR
通讯作者：
Kanost, MR
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Larrondo, LF;Salas, L;Cullen, D
通讯作者：
Cullen, D
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
He, Ningjia;Botelho, Julianne M. C.;Willis, Judith H.
通讯作者：
Willis, Judith H.
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
Sidjanski, S;Mathews, GV;Vanderberg, JP
通讯作者：
Vanderberg, JP