COMPLETE VITRIFICATION IN PURE LIQUID WATER AND DILUTE AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS
COMPLETE VITRIFICATION IN PURE LIQUID WATER AND DILUTE AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS
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DOI：
10.1038/288569a0
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发表时间：
1980-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
MAYER, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BRUGGELLER, P;MAYER, E
纯水只能通过蒸汽在保持在非常低温度的金属表面上非常缓慢的冷凝来玻璃化1，2。试图通过液态水的快速冷却来形成玻璃状冰总是导致冰的形成（参考文献3）。（Pryde和Jones 4确实报告了在126 K下快速冷却的水的热容变化，他们将其归因于玻璃化转变，但在随后的实验中无法重现这一结果。与浓缩水溶液相比，稀释水溶液5的行为与水相似，并且在冷冻过程中分离，即使具有最高的冷却速率，也会分离成纯冰和浓缩溶质6。我们在这里报告说，宏观部分的纯液态水和稀水溶液的样品可以完全玻璃化的喷射冷冻微米大小的水滴分布在正庚烷作为一种乳液，所产生的过冷效应的40 K是必不可少的玻璃化7。
Pure water can only be vitrified by the very slow condensation of vapour on a metal surface maintained at very low temperatures1,2. Attempts to form vitreous ice by rapid cooling of liquid water invariably lead to formation of iceIh(ref. 3). (Pryde and Jones4did report a heat capacity change of rapidly cooled water at 126 K which they attributed to a glass transition, but could not reproduce this result in subsequent experiments.) Dilute aqueous solutions in contrast to concentrated aqueous solutions5behave similarity to water and separate during freezing, even with the highest cooling rates available, into pure ice and concentrated solute6. We report here that macroscopic parts of samples of pure liquid water and of dilute aqueous solutions can be vitrified completely by jet-freezing of micrometre-sized aqueous droplets distributed inn-heptane as an emulsion—the resulting supercooling effect of ∼40 K being essential for vitrification7.