TARICHATOXIN-TETRODOTOXIN - POTENT NEUROTOXIN - NONPROTEIN SUBSTANCE ISOLATED FROM CALIFORNIA NEWT IS SAME AS TOXIN FROM PUFFER FISH
TARICHATOXIN-TETRODOTOXIN - POTENT NEUROTOXIN - NONPROTEIN SUBSTANCE ISOLATED FROM CALIFORNIA NEWT IS SAME AS TOXIN FROM PUFFER FISH
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DOI：
10.1126/science.144.3622.1100
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发表时间：
1964-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
BUCHWALD, HD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MOSHER, HS;FISCHER, HG;BUCHWALD, HD
1934年，Twitty在加州蝾螈Taricha torosa的胚胎中首次发现了Tarichatoxin，这种神经毒素已经以晶体形式存在。它与从日本河豚Sphoeroides rubripes的肝脏和卵巢中分离出的河豚毒素相同。因此，除非在生物遗传学研究中，两栖动物中毒素的起源很重要，否则该物质应使用河豚毒素这个名称，因为这个名称具有历史优先权。该毒素仅在蝾螈科两栖动物和鲀科鱼类中观察到。河豚毒素，或tarichatoxin，是已知毒性最强的非蛋白质物质之一，其作用机制类似于局部麻醉剂。然而，该毒素的最低可检测有效剂量仅为可卡因最低可检测有效剂量的1/160，000。最近，两组日本工作人员根据经典化学数据和2种衍生物的X射线晶体学数据，在狭窄的范围内确定了河豚毒素的化学结构。有人对桥头酰胺结构提出了异议，并提出了一种交替的两性离子-原酸酯结构。
Tarichatoxin, the neurotoxin first observed by Twitty in the embryos of the California newt Taricha torosa in 1934, has been obtained in crystalline form. It was identical to tetrodotoxin, isolated from the liver and ovaries of the Japanese puffer fish Sphoeroides rubripes. Thus, except in biogenetic studies where the origin of the toxin in amphibians is of importance, the name tetrodotoxin should be used for this substance, since this name has historical priority. The toxin was observed only in amphibians of the family Salamandridae and in fishes of the suborder Tetraodontoidae. Tetrodotoxin, or tarichatoxin, is one of the most toxic nonprotein substances known and has a mechanism of action resembling that of local anesthetics. However, the minimum detectably effective dose of the toxin is only 1/160,000 the minimum detectably effective dose of cocaine. The chemical structure of tetrodotoxin has been defined recently within narrow limits by two groups of Japanese workers, from classical chemical data and from X-ray crystallographic data on 2 derivatives. Objections were raised to the bridgehead amide structure, and an alternate zwitterion-ortho ester structure was proposed.