Fairness, risk and risk tolerance in the siting of a nuclear waste repository
Fairness, risk and risk tolerance in the siting of a nuclear waste repository
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DOI：
10.1080/136698701456040
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发表时间：
2001-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
L. Sjöberg;B. Drottz-Sjöberg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Sjöberg;B. Drottz-Sjöberg
本文对核废料的风险容忍度进行了研究。结果表明，瑞典受访者并不欣然接受当地的高水平核废料储存库，这与基于民意调查数据的说法相反。本文指出了误导性调查问题在瑞典发挥的重要作用，并以公式和程序各不相同的经验数据为例进行了说明。接受地方储存库(以在地方公投中投赞成票的意向衡量)不能用成本效益办法很好地解释，也不能用个人风险感知模型很好地解释。然而，对当地社区的担忧是一个重要的决定因素，道德方面也是如此。当这些因素被包括在一个模型中时，大约60%的风险感知和风险接受的方差被考虑在内。然而，文化理论量表项目几乎没有增加模型的解释力。在进一步的分析中，NIMBY受访者被确定为NIMBY受访者，这里的定义是，尽管承认核能的巨大效用，但仍拒绝当地储存库的人。然而，在所有反对当地储存库的人中，NlMBY只占一小部分。很少有答复者表示，如果给予他们经济补偿，他们会接受当地的储存库。这一事实可能与核电问题被视为一般问题，而不是个人问题有关。那些认为这是一个政治重要问题的人，也是从总体上而不是从个人角度来考虑这一问题的。
In this paper, risk tolerance with regard to nuclear waste is investigated. It is shown that Swedish respondents did not readily accept a local high-level nuclear waste repository, contrary to claims based on polling data. The important role played in Sweden by misleading survey questions is pointed out and demonstrated on empirical data where formulations and procedures are varied. The acceptance of a local repository (measured as intention to vote in its favour in a local referendum) could not be explained well by a cost-benefit approach, neither by an individual risk perception model. Concern about the local community was an important determinant, however, and so were moral aspects. When these aspects were included in a model, about 60% of the variance of risk perception and risk acceptance was accounted for. Cultural Theory scale items, however, added virtually nothing to the explanatory power of the models. In further analyses, NIMBY respondents were identified, defined here as people who rejected a local repository in spite of having acknowledged substantial utility of nuclear power. NlMBYs constituted, however, only a small minority of all opposition to a local repository. Few respondents stated that they would accept a local repository if they were to be given financial compensation. This fact may be related to nuclear power issues being conceived as general, rather than personal, matters. Those who saw it as a politically important issue also conceived of it in general rather than personal terms.