The secrets of the bone marrow niche: Enigmatic niche brings challenge for HSC expansion.
The secrets of the bone marrow niche: Enigmatic niche brings challenge for HSC expansion.
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骨髓利基一直困扰着癌症和再生医学的科学家。什么元素构成了生态位，以及它如何影响不同疾病背景下的相邻细胞仍然是一个争论和广泛研究的问题。造血干细胞（HSC）在移植生物学中的转化使用提出了挑战，因为这些细胞倾向于保持静止。虽然小生境是一个很好的候选人，利用重编程HSC和控制它们的扩张，新的研究增加了它的复杂性。在“板凳到床边”，保罗S。Frenette和Yuya Kunisaki研究了这些研究，讨论了新的参与者及其信号如何参与HSC的维持，以及对基于HSC的疗法的发展有何影响。在白血病发生的改变中，代谢事件似乎促进了癌症进展，但也可能参与癌症易感性。鲁什迪亚Z Yusuf，Ying-Hua Wang和大卫T.斯卡登仔细阅读了最近的临床和实验研究，这些研究着眼于骨髓增生异常综合征和继发性白血病，并论证了这些癌症中的代谢变化不仅可能是细胞自主的，而且可能来自骨髓基质。针对这一利基可能会开辟新的途径，以降低癌症幸存者继发性白血病的风险。
The bone marrow niche keeps puzzling scientists in cancer and regenerative medicine. What elements constitute the niche and how it affects neighbor cells in different disease contexts remain to be a matter of debate and extensive investigation. The translational use of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in transplantation biology poses a challenge, given the propensity of these cells to remain quiescent. Although the niche is a good candidate to exploit for reprogramming HSCs and controlling their expansion, new studies have added to its complexity. In 'Bench to Bedside', Paul S. Frenette and Yuya Kunisaki examine these studies to discuss how new players and their signals are involved in HSC maintenance and what the implications are for the development of HSC-based therapies. Among the alterations occurring in leukemias, metabolic events seem to foster cancer progression but may also be involved in cancer predisposition. Rushdia Z. Yusuf, Ying-Hua Wang and David T. Scadden peruse recent clinical and experimental studies that look at myelodysplastic syndromes and secondary leukemias and argue how metabolic changes in these cancers may not only be cell autonomous but also can emanate from the bone marrow stroma. Targeting this niche may open new avenues to reduce the risk for secondary leukemias in cancer survivors.