Emerging trends in eating disorders among sexual and gender minorities.
Emerging trends in eating disorders among sexual and gender minorities.
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DOI：
10.1097/yco.0000000000000645
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发表时间：
2020-11
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Austin SB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nagata JM;Ganson KT;Austin SB
回顾最近关于饮食失调、饮食失调行为和对性和性别少数人群（包括但不限于男同性恋、女同性恋、双性恋和变性人）身体形象不满的文献。总体而言，饮食失调，饮食行为紊乱和身体不满在性和性别少数人群中很常见。在美国，性少数成年人中神经性厌食症（1.7%）、神经性贪食症（1.3%）和暴食症（2.2%）的终生患病率高于顺性别异性恋成年人。在美国，根据医疗保健提供者诊断的自我报告，饮食失调的终生患病率为变性男性10.5%，变性女性8.1%，包括神经性厌食症（4.2%和4.1%）和神经性贪食症（3.2%和2.9%）。这些人所经历的少数民族压力和歧视可能会使饮食失调的行为永久化。身体不满意可能是跨性别者经历的核心压力源;性别焦虑治疗已被证明可以提高身体满意度。在照顾患有饮食失调症的跨性别青少年方面，一个特殊的临床挑战是基于性别的生长图表的标准使用。新的研究表明，患有饮食失调的性和性别少数群体对饮食失调和身体形象有独特的关注。
To review the recent literature on eating disorders, disordered eating behaviors, and body image dissatisfaction among sexual and gender minority populations, including, but not limited to, gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender people. Overall, eating disorders, disordered eating behaviors, and body dissatisfaction are common among sexual and gender minority populations. Lifetime prevalence for anorexia nervosa (1.7%), bulimia nervosa (1.3%), and binge-eating disorder (2.2%) diagnoses are higher among sexual minority adults compared to cisgender heterosexual adults in the US. Lifetime prevalence of eating disorders by self-report of a health care provider’s diagnosis are 10.5% for transgender men and 8.1% for transgender women in the US, including anorexia nervosa (4.2% and 4.1%) and bulimia nervosa (3.2% and 2.9%), respectively. Disordered eating behaviors may be perpetuated by minority stress and discrimination experienced by these individuals. Body dissatisfaction may be a core stressor experienced by transgender people; gender dysphoria treatment has been shown to increase body satisfaction. A particular clinical challenge in caring for transgender youth with eating disorders is the standard use of growth charts based on sex. Novel research demonstrates that sexual and gender minorities with eating disorders have unique concerns with regards to disordered eating and body image.