Of microtubules and memory: implications for microtubule dynamics in dendrites and spines.
Of microtubules and memory: implications for microtubule dynamics in dendrites and spines.
复制标题
微管和记忆：对树突和刺中微管动力学的影响。
DOI：
10.1091/mbc.e15-11-0769
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Dent EW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dent EW
微管 (MT) 是由微管蛋白重复亚基组成的细胞骨架聚合物，在真核细胞中普遍表达。它们从正端经历聚合和解聚的随机过程，称为动态不稳定性。 MT 动力学是所有细胞类型中持续进行的过程，并且已成为开发几种有用的抗癌药物的目标，这些药物会损害快速分裂的细胞。最近的研究还表明，MT 动力学对于神经元可能特别重要，神经元形成高度极化的形态，由单个轴突和多个树突组成，并持续整个成年期。 MT 在树突中尤其活跃，最近被证明可以直接聚合成树突棘，即中枢神经系统兴奋性神经元的突触后区室。这些进入树突棘的瞬时聚合事件已被证明在培养神经元的突触可塑性中发挥重要作用。最近的研究还表明，成人大脑中的 MT 动态在学习和记忆的基本过程中发挥作用，并且可能在阿尔茨海默病等退行性疾病中受到损害。这提高了在新治疗剂设计中针对 MT 动力学的可能性。
Microtubules (MTs) are cytoskeletal polymers composed of repeating subunits of tubulin that are ubiquitously expressed in eukaryotic cells. They undergo a stochastic process of polymerization and depolymerization from their plus ends termed dynamic instability. MT dynamics is an ongoing process in all cell types and has been the target for the development of several useful anticancer drugs, which compromise rapidly dividing cells. Recent studies also suggest that MT dynamics may be particularly important in neurons, which develop a highly polarized morphology, consisting of a single axon and multiple dendrites that persist throughout adulthood. MTs are especially dynamic in dendrites and have recently been shown to polymerize directly into dendritic spines, the postsynaptic compartment of excitatory neurons in the CNS. These transient polymerization events into dendritic spines have been demonstrated to play important roles in synaptic plasticity in cultured neurons. Recent studies also suggest that MT dynamics in the adult brain function in the essential process of learning and memory and may be compromised in degenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease. This raises the possibility of targeting MT dynamics in the design of new therapeutic agents.