Inheritance of static and dynamic arm strength and some of its determinants.
Inheritance of static and dynamic arm strength and some of its determinants.
复制标题
静态和动态臂力的遗传及其一些决定因素。
DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-201x.1998.00344.x
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Vlietinck,RF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Thomis,MA;Beunen,GP;VanLeemputte,M;Maes,HH;Blimkie,CJ;Claessens,AL;Marchal,G;Willems,E;Vlietinck,RF
对 25 名男性同卵双胞胎和 16 名异卵双胞胎（22.4±3.7 岁）进行了评估，通过人体测量估计并通过计算机断层扫描测量最大静态、偏心和同心扭矩以及手臂分量。通过遗传模型拟合技术估计了遗传和环境因素在这些测量中观察到的变化的重要性。在这个年轻成年男性双胞胎样本中，遗传因素在大多数力量测量、手臂肌肉成分和肌肉激活变量中都很重要。遗传因素在力量测量中的贡献取决于角度、收缩类型，并且在某种程度上取决于收缩速度。对于等长力量，遗传和环境变化的角度特异性可归因于每个特定角度下肌肉激活和表现不适的变异程度，在极端角度下独特的环境影响最大。 170° 时的遗传贡献较高，但 50° 时的遗传贡献较低，这可能表达了遗传因素对两个角度的肌肉长度因子和力矩臂的不同贡献。遗传因素对偏心臂屈肌强度（62-82%）的重要性大于同心屈曲（29-65%），因为遗传决定的模式遵循扭矩-速度曲线。收缩和弹性成分的遗传变异对偏心和同心扭矩的贡献不同，加上速度依赖性肌动蛋白肌球蛋白结合因子，可以解释观察到的差异。所有人体测量和手臂横截面积测量的广泛遗传力都非常高（> 85％），而常见环境因素仅对人体测量估计的中臂肌肉组织面积（48％）有意义。不同手臂肌肉测量值的遗传力估计具有可比性。
Maximal static, eccentric and concentric torques and arm components estimated by anthropometry and measured by computed tomography were evaluated in 25 male monozygotic twins and 16 dizygotic twins (22.4 ± 3.7 years). The importance of genetic and environmental factors in the observed variation in these measurements was estimated by genetic model‐fitting techniques. In this sample of young adult male twins, genetic factors were significant in most of the strength measurements, arm muscle components and muscle activation variables. The contribution of genetic factors in strength measures depended on the angle, contraction type and to some extent on contraction velocity. For isometric strength, angle‐specificity in genetic and environmental variation could be attributed to the degree of variability in muscle activation and performance discomfort at each specific angle, with the highest unique environmental impact at extreme angles. The high genetic contribution at 170°, but not at 50°, possibly expressed different contributions of genetic factors in the muscle‐length factor and moment arm in torques at both angles. The importance of genetic factors in eccentric arm flexor strength (62–82%) was larger than for concentric flexion (29–65%), as the pattern of genetic determination followed the torque‐velocity curve. Genetic variations in contractile and elastic components, contributing differently to eccentric and concentric torques, together with velocity‐dependent actin‐myosin binding factors, could account for the observed differences. The broad heritability was very high for all anthropometric and arm cross‐sectional area measurements (>85%) and common environmental factors were only significant for anthropometrically estimated mid‐arm muscle tissue area (48%). Heritability estimates of different arm muscularity measurements were comparable.