Role Shock: An Occupational Hazard of American Technical Assistants Abroad
Role Shock: An Occupational Hazard of American Technical Assistants Abroad
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角色冲击：美国海外技术助理的职业危害
DOI：
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发表时间：
1966
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
F. Byrnes
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文献类型：
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作者：
F. Byrnes
在海外的美国技术助理在履行其海外专业和工作职责时经常遇到一系列挫折和压力。他们尤其表现出对美国工作组织、他们的美国同事以及在较小程度上对东道国国民及其官僚机构的对抗和批评。最近的研究提供了角色冲击现象的证据，并有助于确定美国海外技术助理的这些主要专业问题：专业角色的不明确、与东道国对应人员的关系、在当地等级制度中的沟通和参与、项目的行政背景以及发展的复杂要求。尽管有挫折感，但大多数受访者认为自己的努力是成功的，他们的专业资格足以应对海外形势的挑战。他们表示，自己和家人从中获得了巨大的个人收益，尽管大多数人认为，从这段经历中获得的职业回报微乎其微。通过技术援助机制，每年又有几千名美国人第一次有机会到国外旅行、生活和工作。在这样做的过程中，他们正在帮助建立和定义社会间关系的“第三种文化”。
American technical assistants abroad frequently experience a range of frustrations and stresses in carrying out their overseas professional and work roles. They manifest these frustrations particularly in the antagonism and criti cisms directed against the American work organizations, their American colleagues, and, to a lesser extent, host nationals and their bureaucracies. Recent studies provide evidence of the role-shock phenomenon and help to identify these major professional problems of the United States technical assistant abroad: ambiguity in the professional role, relationships with host-country counterparts, communication and participation in the indigenous hierarchy, the administrative context of the project, and the complex demands of development. Despite their frustrations, most respondents view their own efforts as successful and their professional qualifications as more than equal to the challenges of the overseas situations. They re port a vast range of personal dividends for themselves and their families, although most assess the professional returns from the experience as being minimal. Through the mech anism of technical assistance, several thousand additional Americans each year find their first opportunity to travel, live, and work abroad. In so doing, they are helping to build and define a "third culture" of intersocietal relationships.