Improving police interventions during mental health-related encounters: Past, present and future.
Improving police interventions during mental health-related encounters: Past, present and future.
复制标题
改善警察在心理健康相关遭遇中的干预：过去、现在和未来。
DOI：
10.1080/10439463.2016.1219734
复制
发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Watson,AmyC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wood,JenniferD;Watson,AmyC
美国各地都有人呼吁警察在履行无数职责时重新把自己想象成“守护者”而不是“战士”。通过这种更广泛地推动监护的透镜，可以理解警察在遇到精神疾病患者时的态度和做法的有争议的历史。至少早在精神卫生保健的非机构化和严重缺乏以社区为基础的资源来填补服务赤字时，警察作为精神卫生干预者的作用就一直存在争议和复杂性。本文回顾了第一波改革的努力，旨在重新塑造警察的情感和做法，在处理心理健康相关的遭遇。我们认为，这些努力，集中在专门的培训和与医疗保健部门的合作协议，通过提高知识和态度的心理健康的脆弱性和需求，已经推进了监护人的心态。在已取得进展的基础上，我们认为，新一轮努力可以进一步推进监护议程，这是一个关键的机会。我们强调三个这样的机会：（1）在精神健康相关的遭遇过程中增强程序正义的经验;（2）通过综合数据集建立证据库;（3）平衡“基于案例”的重点与“基于地点”的重点。
There are calls across America for police to re-imagine themselves as ‘guardians’ rather than ‘warriors’ in the performance of their innumerable duties. The contentious history of police attitudes and practices surrounding encounters with people affected by mental illnesses can be understood through the lens of this wider push towards guardianship. At least as far back as the de-institutionalisation of mental health care and the profound lack of community-based resources to fill service deficits, the role of police as mental health interventionists has been controversial and complex. This paper reviews the first wave of reform efforts designed to re-shape police sensibilities and practices in the handling of mental health-related encounters. We argue that such efforts, centred on specialised training and cooperative agreements with the health care sector, have advanced a guardian mindset through improved knowledge and attitudes about mental health vulnerabilities and needs. Building on the progress made, we suggest there are critical opportunities for a new wave of efforts that can further advance the guardianship agenda. We highlight three such opportunities: (1) enhancing experiences of procedural justice during mental health-related encounters; (2) building the evidence base through integrated data sets; and (3) balancing a ‘case-based’ focus with a ‘place-based’ focus.