Air pollution and human cognition: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Air pollution and human cognition: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
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空气污染和人类认知：系统评价和荟萃分析。
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160234
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Thompson R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Thompson R
背景本系统的综述总结和评价了空气污染暴露与一般人群认知之间的关系的文献，这对健康、社会和经济不平等以及人类生产力具有重要的影响。方法搜索引擎MEDLINE、Embase Classic+Embase、APA SqucINFO和Scope us，直到2022年5月。我们的纳入标准侧重于以下污染物：颗粒物、NOx和臭氧。感兴趣的认知能力包括：一般/整体认知、执行功能、注意力、工作记忆、学习、记忆、智力和智商、推理、反应时间和加工速度。采用NTP-OHAT框架和随机效应Meta分析对集体证据进行评估。结果共鉴定了86项研究，其结果总体上支持暴露与认知恶化之间的关联，但文献多种多样，有时甚至相互矛盾。在40岁以上的成年人中，PM2.5和一般认知之间的有害联系；在儿童中，PM2.5、NOx和PM100与执行功能(特别是工作记忆)之间的有害联系有适度的确定性支持。有适度确凿的证据反对臭氧和40岁以上成年人的一般认知，以及儿童的NOx和推理/智商之间的联系。一些关联也得到了荟萃分析的支持(N=14项研究，全部在40岁以上的成年人中进行)。NO2浓度每增加1μg/m~3，一般认知电池的性能下降(β=−0.02，p<；0.05)，PM2.5暴露浓度每增加1μg/m~3(β=−0.02，p<；0.05)。PM2.5每增加1μgm3，语言流利度显著降低−0.05word(p=0.01)，执行功能任务表现降低0.02点(p<；0.001)。讨论发现证据支持一些暴露-结果关联，但需要更多高质量的研究，特别是在年龄较大的青少年和年轻人(14-40岁)中，使用多重暴露模型，结合机械性调查，以及在南美、非洲、南亚和澳大拉西亚。
BackgroundThis systematic review summarises and evaluates the literature investigating associations between exposure to air pollution and general population cognition, which has important implications for health, social and economic inequalities, and human productivity.MethodsThe engines MEDLINE, Embase Classic+Embase, APA PsycInfo, and SCOPUS were searched up to May 2022. Our inclusion criteria focus on the following pollutants: particulate matter, NOx, and ozone. The cognitive abilities of interest are: general/global cognition, executive function, attention, working memory, learning, memory, intelligence and IQ, reasoning, reaction times, and processing speed. The collective evidence was assessed using the NTP-OHAT framework and random-effects meta-analyses.ResultsEighty-six studies were identified, the results of which were generally supportive of associations between exposures and worsened cognition, but the literature was varied and sometimes contradictory. There was moderate certainty support for detrimental associations between PM2.5and general cognition in adults 40+, and PM2.5, NOx, and PM10and executive function (especially working memory) in children. There was moderate certainty evidence against associations between ozone and general cognition in adults age 40+, and NOx and reasoning/IQ in children. Some associations were also supported by meta-analysis (N = 14 studies, all in adults aged 40+). A 1 μg/m3increase in NO2was associated with reduced performance on general cognitive batteries (β = −0.02,p< 0.05) as was a 1 μg/m3increase in PM2.5exposure (β = −0.02,p< 0.05). A 1μgm3increase in PM2.5was significantly associated with lower verbal fluency by −0.05 words (p= 0.01) and a decrease in executive function task performance of −0.02 points (p< 0.001).DiscussionEvidence was found in support of some exposure-outcome associations, however more good quality research is required, particularly with older teenagers and young adults (14–40 years), using multi-exposure modelling, incorporating mechanistic investigation, and in South America, Africa, South Asia and Australasia.