Confirmation of linear system theory prediction: Rate of change of Herrnstein's kappa as a function of response-force requirement.
Confirmation of linear system theory prediction: Rate of change of Herrnstein's kappa as a function of response-force requirement.
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线性系统理论预测的确认：Herrnstein kappa 的变化率作为响应力要求的函数。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1985
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Helena M. Wood
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. J. McDowell;Helena M. Wood
在实验的两个阶段中的每一个阶段，四名人类受试者都采用了五种可变间隔计划和五种强化强度（分/强化）的所有组合。在一个阶段，对操作件的力要求较低（1 或 11 N），而在另一个阶段则较高（25 或 146 N）。 Herrnstein kappa 的估计值是在每个强化物强度下获得的。结果是：(1) 反应率对高力要求时的强化率变化比低力要求时更敏感，(2) 在两种力要求下，所有受试者的 kappa 从强度范围的开始到结束都增加，(3) 对于八个数据集中的七个，kappa 的倒数是强化剂强度倒数的线性函数，(4) 高力要求时的 kappa 变化率比低力要求时大一个数量级或更多。第二个和第三个发现证实了线性系统理论的预测，并复制了早期实验的结果（McDowell & Wood，1984）。第四个发现证实了该理论的进一步预测，并支持该理论对赫恩斯坦 kappa 恒定性的冲突数据的解释。
Four human subjects worked on all combinations of five variable-interval schedules and five reinforcer magnitudes ( cent/reinforcer) in each of two phases of the experiment. In one phase the force requirement on the operandum was low (1 or 11 N) and in the other it was high (25 or 146 N). Estimates of Herrnstein's kappa were obtained at each reinforcer magnitude. The results were: (1) response rate was more sensitive to changes in reinforcement rate at the high than at the low force requirement, (2) kappa increased from the beginning to the end of the magnitude range for all subjects at both force requirements, (3) the reciprocal of kappa was a linear function of the reciprocal of reinforcer magnitude for seven of the eight data sets, and (4) the rate of change of kappa was greater at the high than at the low force requirement by an order of magnitude or more. The second and third findings confirm predictions made by linear system theory, and replicate the results of an earlier experiment (McDowell & Wood, 1984). The fourth finding confirms a further prediction of the theory and supports the theory's interpretation of conflicting data on the constancy of Herrnstein's kappa.