The effects of a 30-min nap during night shift following a prophylactic sleep in the afternoon
The effects of a 30-min nap during night shift following a prophylactic sleep in the afternoon
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1479-8425.2009.00382.x
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Tremaine, Rebecca
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lovato, Nicole;Lack, Leon;Tremaine, Rebecca
本研究的目的是调查在模拟夜班环境中，在夜班之前进行预防性白天睡眠的情况下，小睡 30 分钟的效果。采用重复测量平衡设计，其中包括两种实验条件：30 分钟小睡和无小睡对照。在这两种情况下，受试者在下午 15:00 至 17:00 之间获得了 2 小时的睡眠，然后在受控实验室环境中于 02:30 至 03:00 之间小睡。午睡后测试于 03.10 至 07:00 进行。参与者包括 22 名年龄在 18 岁至 35 岁之间的成年人，他们睡眠质量好，不经常打盹。在午睡前和午睡后测量主观警觉性（斯坦福睡意量表、卡罗林斯卡睡意量表、视觉模拟量表）、疲劳和活力（情绪状态概况）、认知表现（精神运动警觉任务、符号数字替换任务、字母删除任务）和客观睡意。与不小睡的情况相比，30 分钟的小睡会导致小睡后短时间内（最多 30 分钟）的主观警觉性受到一定程度的损害。在这段短暂的时期之后，从 04 点到测试期结束 07 点之间的 30 分钟小睡总体上提高了警觉性和表现。这项研究的结果表明，当下午实施 2 小时的预防性睡眠时，在随后的模拟夜班期间小睡 30 分钟总体上可以提供针对困倦和表现障碍的重要对策。
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a 30-min nap, during a simulated night shift environment, when a prophylactic daytime sleep was implemented prior to the night shift. A repeated-measures counterbalanced design was used which included two experimental conditions: a 30-min nap and a no nap control. In both conditions subjects obtained a 2-h sleep in the afternoon from 15.00-17.00 hours, which was followed by the night-time nap from 02.30-03.00 hours in a controlled laboratory environment. Post-nap testing was conducted from 03.10 to 07.00 hours. The participants included 22 adults aged from 18-35 years who were good sleepers and did not regularly nap. Subjective alertness (Stanford Sleepiness Scale, Karolinska Sleepiness Scale, Visual Analog Scale), fatigue and vigor (Profile of Mood States), cognitive performance (psychomotor vigilance task, symbol-digit substitution task, letter cancellation task), and objective sleepiness were measured pre- and post-nap. The 30-min nap resulted in some impairment of subjective alertness for a brief period (up to 30 min) immediately following the nap when compared to the no nap condition. Following this brief period, alertness and performance were generally improved by the 30-min nap from 04.00 hours until the end of the testing period at 07.00 hours. The results of this study indicate that when a 2-h prophylactic sleep is implemented in the afternoon, a 30-min nap during the subsequent simulated night shift overall provides a significant countermeasure against sleepiness and performance impairment.