Mutual synergies between reactive and active inhibitory systems of temperament in the development of children's disruptive behavior: Two longitudinal studies.
Mutual synergies between reactive and active inhibitory systems of temperament in the development of children's disruptive behavior: Two longitudinal studies.
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DOI：
10.1017/s0954579420001534
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发表时间：
2022-08
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Kochanska G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
An D;Kochanska G
两种抑制性气质系统的个体差异被认为是早期破坏性行为发展的关键。反应性抑制系统，行为抑制（BI）需要恐惧，害羞，胆怯和谨慎。主动抑制系统，或努力控制（EC）需要有意识地抑制，修改或调节主导行为的能力。在每个系统中得分越低，破坏性行为越多。我们研究了这两个系统如何相互作用，以及一个系统是否可以减轻或加剧另一个系统的风险。在两个社区样本（研究1，N = 112，年龄2.5至4，和研究2，N = 102，年龄2至6.5），我们评估了早期BI和EC，和未来的破坏性行为（观察无视规则的研究1和父母额定的外化问题在研究2）。稳健的重复互动显示，对于低BI（相对无所畏惧）的儿童，更好的EC与较少的破坏性行为相关;对于低EC的儿童，更多的BI与较少的破坏性行为相关。本研究扩展了发展心理学和精神病理学中气质x气质相互作用的研究，并提示反应性和主动性抑制系统可能起着相互补偿的作用。这些影响在2岁以后出现。
Individual differences in two inhibitory temperament systems have been implicated as key in the development of early disruptive behaviors. The reactive inhibition system, behavioral inhibition (BI) entails fearfulness, shyness, timidity, and caution. The active inhibition system, or effortful control (EC) entails a capacity to deliberately suppress, modify, or regulate a predominant behavior. Lower scores in each system have been associated with more disruptive behaviors. We examined how the two systems interact, and whether one can alleviate or exacerbate risks due to the other. In two community samples (Study 1, N = 112, ages 2.5 to 4, and Study 2, N = 102, ages 2 to 6.5), we assessed early BI and EC, and future disruptive behaviors (observed disregard for rules in Study 1 and parent-rated externalizing problems in Study 2). Robustly replicated interactions revealed that for children with low BI (relatively fearless), better EC was associated with less disruptive behavior; for children with low EC, more BI was associated with less disruptive behavior. This research extends the investigation of temperament x temperament interactions in developmental psychology and psychopathology, and it suggests that reactive and active inhibition systems may play mutually compensatory roles. Those effects emerged after age 2.