The heritability of alcohol use disorders: a meta-analysis of twin and adoption studies.
The heritability of alcohol use disorders: a meta-analysis of twin and adoption studies.
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DOI：
10.1017/s0033291714002165
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发表时间：
2015-04
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Kendler, K. S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Verhulst, B.;Neale, M. C.;Kendler, K. S.
为了阐明遗传和环境危险因素在酒精使用障碍（AUDs）中的作用，我们对双胞胎和收养研究进行了荟萃分析，并探讨了性别，评估方法（访谈v.医院/人群记录）和研究设计（双胞胎v.收养研究）对遗传度估计的影响。检索了所有关于AUD的独特双胞胎和收养研究的文献，确定了12项双胞胎和5项收养研究。然后在OpenMx程序中使用顺序数据全信息最大似然法重建和分析数据。通过使各研究的参数相等，用似然比检验检验异方差性。没有证据表明研究设计、性别或评估方法存在异质性。AUD遗传度的最佳拟合估计值为0.49 [95%置信区间（CI）0.43-0.53]，共享环境方差的比例为0.10（95% CI 0.03-0.16）。独特的环境方差比例的估计值在不同的研究中差异显着。AUD大约有50%是遗传的。这种综合征的多个遗传信息研究产生了一致的结果，支持这种遗传力估计的有效性，特别是考虑到双胞胎和收养设计的不同潜在方法学弱点，以及基于个人访谈与官方记录的AUD评估。我们还发现了适度共享环境效应的证据，表明环境因素也有助于AUD的家族聚集。
To clarify the role of genetic and environmental risk factors in alcohol use disorders (AUDs), we performed a meta-analysis of twin and adoption studies and explored the impact of sex, assessment method (interview v. hospital/population records), and study design (twin v. adoption study) on heritability estimates. The literature was searched for all unique twin and adoption studies of AUD and identified 12 twin and five adoption studies. The data were then reconstructed and analyzed using ordinal data full information maximum likelihood in the OpenMx program. Heterogeneity was tested with likelihood ratio tests by equating the parameters across studies. There was no evidence for heterogeneity by study design, sex or assessment method. The best-fit estimate of the heritability of AUD was 0.49 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.43–0.53], and the proportion of shared environmental variance was 0.10 (95% CI 0.03–0.16). Estimates of unique environmental proportions of variance differed significantly across studies. AUD is approximately 50% heritable. The multiple genetically informative studies of this syndrome have produced consistent results that support the validity of this heritability estimate, especially given the different potential methodological weaknesses of twin and adoption designs, and of assessments of AUD based on personal interviews v. official records. We also found evidence for modest shared environmental effects suggesting that environmental factors also contribute to the familial aggregation of AUDs.