Parenthood, child care, and nonstandard work schedules in Europe
Parenthood, child care, and nonstandard work schedules in Europe
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DOI：
10.1080/14616696.2016.1153698
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发表时间：
2016-09-01
影响因子：
8.1
通讯作者：
Pollmann-Schult, Matthias
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Buenning, Mareike;Pollmann-Schult, Matthias
越来越多的欧洲劳动力在晚上、夜间或周末工作。由于非标准的工作时间安排会给家庭和孩子带来许多负面后果，父母可能会设法避免这样的工作时间安排。然而，对于没有足够机会获得正式托儿的父母来说，非标准工作时间或天数可能是一种用于管理托儿需求的适应性策略。它支持轮班育儿，父母轮流工作，让两人中的一人在家照顾孩子。这项研究调查了22个欧洲国家的父母和非父母的非标准工作时间的流行率。具体地说，我们问，提供正式的托儿服务是否会影响学龄前儿童的父母在多大程度上工作在不标准的时间安排上。使用来自欧洲社会调查的数据和多层次模型，我们发现有证据表明，正规托儿所的可用性减少了父母的非标准工作。这表明，获得正式的托儿服务使父母能够按标准时间工作。在非标准工作时间与儿童福祉负相关的程度上，获得正式的儿童保育可以保护儿童免受父母晚间和夜间工作的不利影响。
An increasing proportion of the European labor force works in the evening, at night or on weekends. Because nonstandard work schedules are associated with a number of negative outcomes for families and children, parents may seek to avoid such schedules. However, for parents with insufficient access to formal child care, working nonstandard hours or days may be an adaptive strategy used to manage child-care needs. It enables split-shift' parenting, where parents work alternate schedules, allowing one of the two to be at home looking after the children. This study examines the prevalence of nonstandard work schedules among parents and nonparents in 22 European countries. Specifically, we ask whether the provision of formal child care influences the extent to which parents of preschool-aged children work nonstandard schedules. Using data from the European Social Survey and multilevel models, we find evidence that the availability of formal child care reduces nonstandard work among parents. This indicates that access to formal child care enables parents to work standard schedules. To the extent that nonstandard work schedules are negatively associated with child well-being, access to formal child care protects children from the adverse effects of their parents' evening and night work.