Adolescents becoming smokers: The roles of stress and coping methods
Adolescents becoming smokers: The roles of stress and coping methods
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DOI：
10.1016/s1054-139x(00)00167-1
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发表时间：
2000-12-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Rolnitzky, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Siqueira, L;Diab, M;Rolnitzky, L
目的：探讨压力和应对方式与吸烟状况的关系（从不吸烟者、实验者和当前吸烟者）在市中心、以诊所为基础的青少年人群中的吸烟率，以及使用横断面调查来检查该人群中吸烟和相关行为的患病率。采用自填式问卷，包括感知压力量表（PSS）、负性生活事件（LES）、并使用应对措施量表对954名12-21岁的门诊患者进行了调查。人口学特征比较采用方差分析和卡方检验。Kruskal-Wallis方差分析用于比较吸烟状态组之间每个量表的值。Logistic回归分析被用来确定吸烟状态的关系PSS，LES和应对方法。结果：在这个人群中的吸烟的总患病率为26%。目前吸烟者的发病年龄为13.3岁，而实验者为15.5岁（p <0.01）。在调整人口统计学变量后，当前吸烟者的感知压力和负面生活事件最高，实验者次之，从不吸烟者最低（p <0.001）。逐步Logistic回归分析显示，负性生活事件，感知压力，更多地使用愤怒和无助的消极应对方法，以及较少使用父母支持和认知应对的积极应对方法，与吸烟状态显着和独立相关。更高水平的压力和更多地使用消极应对方法被发现在目前的吸烟者比实验者和从不吸烟者。(C)青少年医学协会，2000年。
Purpose: To examine the relationship of stress and coping methods to smoking status (never-smoker, experimenter, and current smoker) among an inner-city, clinic-based, adolescent population, as well as to examine the prevalence of smoking and related behaviors in this population using a cross-sectional survey.Methods: A self-administered questionnaire that included the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), negative life events (LES), and a coping measures scale was used with 954 clinic patients aged 12-21 years. Demographic characteristics were compared using analysis of variance and Chi-square test. The Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance was used to compare the values of each scale among smoking-status groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the relationship of smoking status to PSS, LES, and coping methods.Results: The overall prevalence of smoking in this population was 26%. The age of onset was 13.3 years for current smokers vs. 15.5 for experimenters (p < .01). Perceived stress and negative life events, adjusting for demographic variables, were highest among current smokers, less so in experimenters, and lowest in the never-smokers (p < .001). Stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that negative life events, perceived stress, greater use of the negative coping methods of anger and helplessness, and less use of the positive coping methods of parental support and cognitive coping were significantly and independently related to smoking status.Conclusions: One in four inner-city youth report smoking. Higher levels of stress and greater use of negative coping methods were found in current smokers than in experimenters and never-smokers. (C) Society for Adolescent Medicine, 2000.