Rapid Change in Sapling and Seedling Layers in an Otherwise Stable Hardwood Forest: an Effect of Deer Browsing
Rapid Change in Sapling and Seedling Layers in an Otherwise Stable Hardwood Forest: an Effect of Deer Browsing
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稳定的阔叶林中树苗和幼苗层的快速变化：鹿觅食的影响
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发表时间：
2011
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Ware
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作者：
Jacob R. G. Kribel;K. Kolman;S. Ware
摘要 弗吉尼亚州威廉斯堡的大学森林（又名马托卡森林）拥有一片成熟的后开垦高地硬木森林（橡树、山毛榉、郁金香树、山核桃树）。 1994 年，在 27 个永久性地块上对四个尺寸级别的木本茎进行了采样，并于 2003 年对这些相同的地块进行了重新采样。聚类分析显示，在采样之间，大树（≥10 厘米胸径）或小树（2.5-10 厘米胸径）尺寸级别的组成几乎没有变化。尽管幼树尺寸级别最初与小乔木层相似，但幼树（1.4 m 高，<2.5 cm 胸径）和高苗（0.5-1.4 m 高）尺寸级别中某些物种的密度发生了很大变化。在这两个较小尺寸的类别中，变化主要是某些物种（Viburnum acerifolium、Cornus florida、Acer rubrum 和 Euonymus americana）的大幅减少，而不是剩余丰富类群（Fagus grandifolia、Ilex opaca、Gaylussacia spp. 和 Vaccinium spp.）的增加。不断增加的鹿群的优先觅食可能导致了这些巨大的变化。
Abstract The College Woods in Williamsburg, Virginia (a.k.a. Matoaka Woods) contains a maturing post-cultivation upland hardwood forest (oaks, beech, tuliptree, hickories). In 1994 four size classes of woody stems were sampled on 27 permanent plots, and those same plots were re-sampled in 2003. Cluster analysis revealed that between samplings there was little change in the composition of the large tree (≥10 cm dbh) or small tree (2.5–10 cm dbh) size classes. There was great change in the density of certain species in the sapling (1.4 m tall, <2.5 cm dbh) and tall seedling (0.5–1.4 m tall) size classes, even though the sapling size class was initially similar to the small tree layer. In these two smaller size classes, change was mostly great decrease in some species (Viburnum acerifolium, Cornus florida, Acer rubrum, and Euonymus americana) rather than increase in the remaining abundant taxa (Fagus grandifolia, Ilex opaca, Gaylussacia spp. and Vaccinium spp.). Preferential browsing by an increasing deer population likely caused these dramatic changes.