Nutritional support for wound healing.
Nutritional support for wound healing.
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发表时间：
2003-11
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通讯作者：
D. Mackay;Alan L. Miller
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作者：
D. Mackay;Alan L. Miller
伤口的愈合，无论是意外伤害还是手术干预，都涉及到血细胞、组织类型、细胞因子和生长因子的复杂网络的活动。这会导致细胞活动增加，从而导致对营养的代谢需求增强。营养缺乏会阻碍伤口愈合，而伤口修复所需的几种营养因素可能会改善愈合时间和伤口结局。维生素A是上皮和骨形成、细胞分化和免疫功能所必需的。维生素C对于胶原蛋白的形成、正常的免疫功能以及作为组织抗氧化剂是必不可少的。维生素E是皮肤中主要的脂溶抗氧化剂；然而，维生素E对手术伤口的影响尚不确定。菠萝酶可减少创伤和外科手术后的浮肿、瘀伤、疼痛和愈合时间。氨基葡萄糖似乎是伤口产生透明质酸的限速底物。充足的饮食蛋白质对伤口的正常愈合是绝对必要的，组织中精氨酸和谷氨酰胺的氨基酸水平可能会影响伤口修复和免疫功能。植物药物积雪草和芦荟已经在局部和内部使用了几十年，以促进伤口修复，科学研究现在开始验证这些植物药物的有效性并探索其作用机制。为了在尽可能短的时间内促进伤口愈合，同时尽量减少患者的疼痛、不适和瘢痕形成，探索营养和植物学对伤口结局的影响是很重要的。
Healing of wounds, whether from accidental injury or surgical intervention, involves the activity of an intricate network of blood cells, tissue types, cytokines, and growth factors. This results in increased cellular activity, which causes an intensified metabolic demand for nutrients. Nutritional deficiencies can impede wound healing, and several nutritional factors required for wound repair may improve healing time and wound outcome. Vitamin A is required for epithelial and bone formation, cellular differentiation, and immune function. Vitamin C is necessary for collagen formation, proper immune function, and as a tissue antioxidant. Vitamin E is the major lipid-soluble antioxidant in the skin; however, the effect of vitamin E on surgical wounds is inconclusive. Bromelain reduces edema, bruising, pain, and healing time following trauma and surgical procedures. Glucosamine appears to be the rate-limiting substrate for hyaluronic acid production in the wound. Adequate dietary protein is absolutely essential for proper wound healing, and tissue levels of the amino acids arginine and glutamine may influence wound repair and immune function. The botanical medicines Centella asiatica and Aloe vera have been used for decades, both topically and internally, to enhance wound repair, and scientific studies are now beginning to validate efficacy and explore mechanisms of action for these botanicals. To promote wound healing in the shortest time possible, with minimal pain, discomfort, and scarring to the patient, it is important to explore nutritional and botanical influences on wound outcome.