Source identification and spatial distribution of heavy metals in tobacco-growing soils in Shandong province of China with multivariate and geostatistical analysis
Source identification and spatial distribution of heavy metals in tobacco-growing soils in Shandong province of China with multivariate and geostatistical analysis
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DOI：
10.1007/s11356-016-8229-1
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发表时间：
2017-02-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Xu, Jialai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Haiwei;Zhang, Yan;Xu, Jialai
烟草(Nictiana tabacum L.)对246个样品的重金属含量进行了分析，结果显示：As，5.10；Cd，0.11；Cr，49.49；Cu，14.72；Hg，0.08；Ni，19.28；Pb.20.20和30.76。地质积累指数(i-geo)和富集系数的值表明，As、Cd、Cr、Hg、Ni或Pb有适度的富集性。主成分分析和聚类分析正确地将每个被调查的元素分配到其来源，无论是人为的还是自然的。这一结果与从化肥、灌溉水和大气沉积中估计的重金属输入是一致的。土壤中砷、镉、铜、铅、锌的含量变化主要与长期农业生产有关，铬、镍的含量变化主要与土壤母质有关，而汞的来源主要是工业活动，最终导致大气沉降。大气沉降是土壤重金属的主要外源来源，化肥对土壤中重金属的积累也起着重要作用。查明农业土壤中重金属的来源可作为采取适当行动控制和减少耕作土壤中重金属添加的基础。
Samples of surface soil from tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) fields were analysed for heavy metals and showed the following concentrations (mean of 246 samples, mg/kg): As, 5.10; Cd, 0.11; Cr, 49.49; Cu, 14.72; Hg, 0.08; Ni, 19.28; Pb. 20.20 and Zn, 30.76. The values of the index of geoaccumulation (I-geo) and of the enrichment factor indicated modest enrichment with As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni or Pb. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis correctly allocated each investigated element to its source, whether anthropogenic or natural. The results were consistent with estimated inputs of heavy metals from fertilizers, irrigation water and atmospheric deposition. The variation in the concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in the soil was mainly due to long-term agricultural practises, and that of Cr and Ni was mainly due to the soil parent material, whereas the source of Hg was industrial activity, which ultimately led to atmospheric deposition. Atmospheric deposition was the main exogenous source of heavy metals, and fertilizers also played an important role in the accumulation of these elements in soil. Identifying the sources of heavy metals in agricultural soils can serve as a basis for appropriate action to control and reduce the addition of heavy metals to cultivated soils.