Monitoring the silver carp invasion in Africa: a case study using environmental DNA (eDNA) in dangerous watersheds
Monitoring the silver carp invasion in Africa: a case study using environmental DNA (eDNA) in dangerous watersheds
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DOI：
10.3897/neobiota.56.47475
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发表时间：
2020-04-29
期刊：
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Foxcroft, Llewellyn C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crookes, Steven;Heer, Tej;Foxcroft, Llewellyn C.
生物多样性栖息地日益受到可能严重减少物种丰富度的人为压力源的加剧。入侵物种对生物多样性和生物安全构成了主要威胁，特别是在南非克鲁格国家公园等生物多样性热点地区。入侵鲢鱼Hypophthalmichthys molitrix被引入奥利凡特河，由于有利的环境条件，可能会发生范围扩散。为了有效地管理像鲢鱼这样的物种的入侵，强化监测协议是必要的。不幸的是，由于存在危险的巨型动物等一系列因素，热带和亚热带水生系统难以使用常规方法（例如，网捕、电钓和浮潜）进行监测。这种系统的保护可以通过采用新的方法来推进，包括环境DNA （eDNA）检测。本文以鲢鱼为例，探讨了环境DNA （environmental DNA, eDNA）在危险流域进行安全、可靠和可重复调查中的应用。我们在两个相邻流域的12个地点进行了eDNA调查，并确定该物种已经扩大了其在奥利凡特河和萨比河以南的范围。前者的扩张与适宜产卵条件的存在是一致的。我们讨论了这项调查对热带类似水生系统生物多样性监测的意义，并提倡在这些生态系统中采用综合方法进行生物监测。
Biodiverse habitats are increasingly subject to an intensification of anthropogenic stressors that may severely diminish species richness. Invasive species pose a dominant threat to biodiversity and biosecurity, particularly in biodiversity hotspots like Kruger National Park, South Africa. The invasive silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, was introduced into the Olifants River and may experience range spread owing to favorable environmental conditions. Intensive monitoring protocols are necessary to effectively manage invasions of species like silver carp. Unfortunately, tropical and sub-tropical aquatic systems are difficult to monitor using conventional methods (e.g., netting, electrofishing and snorkeling) owing to a range of factors including the presence of dangerous megafauna. Conservation of such systems may be advanced by the adoption of novel methods, including environmental DNA (eDNA) detection. Here, we explore the utility of environmental DNA (eDNA) to conduct safe, reliable and repeatable surveys in dangerous watersheds using silver carp as a case study. We conducted eDNA surveys at 12 sites in two neighbouring watersheds, and determined that the species has expanded its range within the Olifants River and to the south in the Sabie River. Expansion in the former is consistent with the presence of suitable spawning conditions. We discuss the implications of this survey for biodiversity monitoring in similar aquatic systems in the tropics and advocate an integrative approach to biomonitoring in these ecosystems.