Occurrence of perfluorinated organic acids in the North and Baltic Seas. Part 2: distribution in sediments
Occurrence of perfluorinated organic acids in the North and Baltic Seas. Part 2: distribution in sediments
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DOI：
10.1007/s11356-011-0559-4
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发表时间：
2011-07
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
N. Theobald;Christina Caliebe;W. Gerwinski;H. Hühnerfuss;P. Lepom
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Theobald;Christina Caliebe;W. Gerwinski;H. Hühnerfuss;P. Lepom
研究目的本研究的第一部分描述了北极和波罗的海海水中极性全氟化合物（PFCs）的分布。在第2部分中，它们在沉积物中的发生描述，以进一步调查其分布路线和可能的sounds.MethodsSediments提取与甲醇和PFCs的C4到C10链长的液相色谱-串联质谱分析。在德国湾和波罗的海西部的大多数样本中，全氟辛烷磺酸的浓度最高（0.02至2.4微克/千克干重），其次是全氟辛酸，浓度为0.06至1.6微克/千克干重。其他全氟化学品的含量要低五到十倍。全氟化学品的浓度与传统的氯化烃相似。空间分布受沉积物参数（如总有机碳）的强烈影响。通过对TOC的归一化，确定了北海和波罗的海样本之间的区域差异。沉积物/水富集比估计从现场浓度显示出明显的依赖于碳链长度和化学结构。PFCs的时间趋势，通过分析沉积物芯（Skagerrak），明显不同于那些“经典”pollutants.ConclusionBecause的强烈影响的沉积物参数和相对较低的富集PFCs在沉积物中，这个矩阵是不太适合调查空间分布。沉积物应主要用于监测时间趋势，最好使用沉积物芯。
PurposeThe distribution of polar perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in sea water of the North and Baltic Seas has been described in part 1 of this study. In part 2, their occurrence in sediments is described in order to further investigate their distribution routes and possible sinks.MethodsSediments were extracted with methanol and PFCs with chain lengths of C4to C10analysed by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry.ResultsUsing the developed procedure, PFCs could be determined in sediments from all 15 stations which had been sampled. In most samples from the German Bight and western Baltic Sea, perfluorooctane sulphonate had the highest concentrations (0.02 to 2.4 μg/kg dry weight), followed by perfluorooctanoate at 0.06 to 1.6 μg/kg dry weight. Levels of the other PFCs were five to ten times lower. Concentrations of PFCs were similar to those of classical chlorinated hydrocarbons. The spatial distribution is strongly influenced by sediment parameters (e.g. total organic carbon (TOC)). By normalisation to TOC, regional differences were identified between the North and Baltic Sea samples. Sediment/water enrichment ratios estimated from field concentrations showed clear dependences on carbon chain length and chemical structure. Time trends of PFCs, investigated by analysing a sediment core (Skagerrak), differed clearly from those of “classical” pollutants.ConclusionBecause of the strong influence of sediment parameters and the relatively low enrichment of PFCs in sediments, this matrix is less suited for investigating spatial distributions. Sediments should be used mainly for monitoring temporal trends, preferably using sediment cores.