Vulnerability to climate change increases with trophic level in terrestrial organisms
Vulnerability to climate change increases with trophic level in terrestrial organisms
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161049
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发表时间：
2023-01-04
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Diamond, Sarah E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
da Silva, Carmen R. B.;Beaman, Julian E.;Diamond, Sarah E.
全球气候变化下生态系统功能的恢复力受单个物种脆弱性及其所促进的功能群（如分解、初级生产、授粉、初级、次级和三级消费）的支配。然而，目前尚不清楚的是，构成生态系统功能基础的不同功能群的物种对气候变化的脆弱性是否存在差异。我们利用现有的一系列陆生物种（N = 1701）的热上限数据来计算物种变暖边缘（物种热上限与它们所居住的最高环境温度之间的距离），作为气候变化脆弱性的度量标准。我们研究了包含不同功能群的物种是否对气候变化表现出不同的脆弱性，以及在考虑进化史的同时，脆弱性趋势是否在地理空间上发生变化。初级生产者的全球变暖幅度最大（mu = 18.72℃），三级消费者的全球变暖幅度最小（mu = 9.64℃），其脆弱性随着营养水平的增加而增加。变暖边缘与绝对纬度呈非线性关系（二阶多项式），其中在33度左右变暖边缘最窄，在较低和较高的绝对纬度变暖边缘更宽。进化史解释了物种变暖边缘的显著变化，用于估计物种热上限的方法也是如此。我们调查了不同营养水平的体重变化是否可以解释为什么高营养水平的生物比低营养水平的生物有更窄的变暖边缘，然而，我们没有发现支持这一假设的证据。这项研究为将单个物种的脆弱性与整个生态系统对气候变化的反应联系起来提供了关键的第一步。
The resilience of ecosystem function under global climate change is governed by individual species vulnerabilities and the functional groups they contribute to (e.g. decomposition, primary production, pollination, primary, secondary and tertiary consumption). Yet it remains unclear whether species that contribute to different functional groups, which un-derpin ecosystem function, differ in their vulnerability to climate change. We used existing upper thermal limit data across a range of terrestrial species (N = 1701) to calculate species warming margins (degrees distance between a spe-cies upper thermal limit and the maximum environmental temperature they inhabit), as a metric of climate change vul-nerability. We examined whether species that comprise different functional groups exhibit differential vulnerability to climate change, and if vulnerability trends change across geographic space while considering evolutionary history. Pri-mary producers had the broadest warming margins across the globe (mu = 18.72 degrees C) and tertiary consumers had the narrowest warming margins (mu = 9.64 degrees C), where vulnerability tended to increase with trophic level. Warming mar-gins had a nonlinear relationship (second-degree polynomial) with absolute latitude, where warming margins were narrowest at about 33 degrees, and were broader at lower and higher absolute latitudes. Evolutionary history explained sig-nificant variation in species warming margins, as did the methodology used to estimate species upper thermal limits. We investigated if variation in body mass across the trophic levels could explain why higher trophic level organisms had narrower warming margins than lower trophic level organisms, however, we did not find support for this hypoth-esis. This study provides a critical first step in linking individual species vulnerabilities with whole ecosystem re-sponses to climate change.