Host and viral determinants for efficient SARS-CoV-2 infection of the human lung.

Host and viral determinants for efficient SARS-CoV-2 infection of the human lung.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-020-20457-w
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发表时间:
2021-01-08
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Yuen KY
Yuen KY
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chu H;Hu B;Huang X;Chai Y;Zhou D;Wang Y;Shuai H;Yang D;Hou Y;Zhang X;Yuen TT;Cai JP;Zhang AJ;Zhou J;Yuan S;To KK;Chan IH;Sit KY;Foo DC;Wong IY;Ng AT;Cheung TT;Law SY;Au WK;Brindley MA;Chen Z;Kok KH;Chan JF;Yuen KY

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了解导致SARS-CoV-2在人细胞中有效感染的因素可能有助于深入了解SARS-CoV-2的传播性和发病机制,并揭示干预的靶点。在这里,我们分析了在人肺上皮细胞和体外人肺组织中有效感染SARS-CoV-2所必需的宿主和病毒决定因素。我们认为硫酸乙酰肝素是SARS-CoV-2感染的一个重要的附着因子。接下来,我们证明了ACE2上的唾液酸阻止了有效的Spike/ACE2-相互作用。虽然SARS-CoV的感染在很大程度上受到唾液酸介导的人肺上皮细胞和体外人肺组织的限制,但SARS-CoV-2的感染受到的限制较小。我们进一步证明,SARS-CoV-2尖峰中的Furin样裂解位点是病毒在人肺组织中有效复制所必需的,而不是在肠道组织中。这些发现为SARS-CoV-2对人类肺部的有效感染提供了见解。在这里,利用肺上皮细胞和体外组织外植体,作者证明,除了ACE2,宿主硫酸肝素直接参与SARS-CoV-2的附着和进入,并提供了宿主唾液酸可能在肺组织中作为病毒限制因子的数据。
Understanding the factors that contribute to efficient SARS-CoV-2 infection of human cells may provide insights on SARS-CoV-2 transmissibility and pathogenesis, and reveal targets of intervention. Here, we analyze host and viral determinants essential for efficient SARS-CoV-2 infection in both human lung epithelial cells and ex vivo human lung tissues. We identify heparan sulfate as an important attachment factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Next, we show that sialic acids present on ACE2 prevent efficient spike/ACE2-interaction. While SARS-CoV infection is substantially limited by the sialic acid-mediated restriction in both human lung epithelial cells and ex vivo human lung tissues, infection by SARS-CoV-2 is limited to a lesser extent. We further demonstrate that the furin-like cleavage site in SARS-CoV-2 spike is required for efficient virus replication in human lung but not intestinal tissues. These findings provide insights on the efficient SARS-CoV-2 infection of human lungs. Here, using lung epithelial cells and ex vivo tissue explants, the authors show that, in addition to ACE2, host heparan sulfate is directly involved in SARS-CoV-2 attachment and entry and provide data suggesting that host sialic acids may act as viral restriction factor in lung tissues.
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