When labels hurt but novelty helps: children's perseveration and flexibility in a card-sorting task.
When labels hurt but novelty helps: children's perseveration and flexibility in a card-sorting task.
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当标签有害但新奇有帮助时：孩子们在卡片分类任务中的毅力和灵活性。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8624.2006.00961.x
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发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Munakata,Yuko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yerys,BenjaminE;Munakata,Yuko
孩子们常常会坚持不懈，在不适当的时候重复以前的行为。这项工作测试了言语标签和刺激新奇在这种坚持中的作用。三岁的孩子按照一条规则对卡片进行分类，然后被指示切换到第二条规则。在基本情况下，卡片具有熟悉的形状和颜色，并且这两条规则都有明确说明。在无信息标签的情况下，卡片具有熟悉的形状和颜色，但第一条规则没有明确说明。在新颖的刺激条件下，这两个规则都被明确说明，但刺激在第一个排序维度上是新颖的。在无信息标签和新颖刺激条件下，比在基本条件下转向第二条规则的孩子更多。讨论了认知灵活性理论的含义。
Children often perseverate, repeating prior behaviors when inappropriate. This work tested the roles of verbal labels and stimulus novelty in such perseveration. Three‐year‐old children sorted cards by one rule and were then instructed to switch to a second rule. In a basic condition, cards had familiar shapes and colors and both rules were stated explicitly. In an uninformative‐label condition, cards had familiar shapes and colors, but the first rule was not stated explicitly. In a novel‐stimuli condition, both rules were stated explicitly but stimuli were novel on the first sorting dimension. More children switched to the second rule in the uninformative‐label and novel‐stimuli conditions than in the basic condition. Implications for theories of cognitive flexibility are discussed.