The Renal Biopsy
The Renal Biopsy
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DOI：
10.1043/1543-2165-133.2.181
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发表时间：
2009-02-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Walker, Patrick D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Walker, Patrick D.
背景。第一次肾活检是在一个多世纪前进行的，但从20世纪50年代开始，它被广泛引入临床应用，帮助肾脏病学发展成为今天内科学的强大子专科。在过去的25年中，弹簧加载活检枪的使用，结合较新的可视化技术，包括超声和计算机轴向断层扫描，导致更大的组织产量和并发症的风险低得多。与此同时，我们对肾脏病理学的了解增加了许多倍。肾活检组织的正确固定和处理是至关重要的，实验室必须熟练掌握肾活检光学显微镜、免疫组织化学和透射电子显微镜检查。目的提供肾活检的概述，包括技术及其并发症，并总结处理肾活检组织的适当实验室方法。数据来源。这篇文章是基于文献回顾和作者的经验。结论。经验丰富的肾脏病理学家，在肾脏医学和病理学知识，因此能够相关的微妙的组织来源的信息与适当的临床数据，仍然是最重要的关键，以发展一个准确的临床病理诊断。
Context.-The first renal biopsy was carried out more than a century ago, but its widespread introduction into clinical use, beginning in the 1950s, helped develop nephrology into the powerful subspecialty of internal medicine that it is today. In the past 25 years, the use of the spring-loaded biopsy gun, in combination with newer visualization techniques, including ultrasound and computed axial tomography scanning, has led to greater tissue yield and to a much lower risk of complication. During this same time, our understanding of renal pathology has increased many fold. Correct fixation and processing of renal biopsy tissue is critical, and the laboratory must be skilled with renal biopsy light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy preparation.Objectives.-To provide an overview of the renal biopsy, including the techniques and its complications, and to summarize proper laboratory methods for processing renal biopsy tissue.Data Sources.-This article is based on a review of the literature and on the experience of the author.Conclusions.-The experienced nephropathologist, knowledgeable in both renal medicine and pathology and thus able to correlate subtle tissue-derived information with appropriate clinical data, remains the most important key to the development of an accurate clinicopathologic diagnosis.