The global distribution of Lyme disease.
The global distribution of Lyme disease.
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莱姆病的全球分布。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. Schmid
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Schmid
继 1909 年瑞典首次对慢性游走性红斑 (ECM) 进行描述后，ECM 在欧洲得到广泛认可。美国第一例报道的 ECM 病例发生在 1969 年，1975 年，现在被称为莱姆病的完整症状复合体被认识到。 1981 年，第三个大陆澳大利亚发现了莱姆病病例，迄今为止，至少有 19 个国家报告了莱姆病病例。从瑞典报告的最初病例开始，临床观察表明蓖麻硬蜱是欧洲 ECM 的媒介，欧洲病例的分布与该蜱的分布相对应，尽管在蚊虫叮咬后也报告了超出该范围的病例。通过类似的观察，I. dammini 蜱和 I. pacificus 蜱已在美国被确定为媒介。在澳大利亚，尚未建立媒介，也没有已知的莱姆病媒介出现在那里。来自世界各地、涉及多种媒介的莱姆病病例的报告表明，这种疾病将来可能会在其他地区得到认识。
Following the original description of erythema chronicum migrans (ECM) in Sweden in 1909, ECM became widely recognized in Europe. The first reported case of ECM acquired in the United States occurred in 1969, and in 1975 the full symptom complex now known as Lyme disease was recognized. In 1981, cases of Lyme disease were recognized in yet a third continent, Australia and, to date, cases acquired in at least 19 countries have been reported. Beginning with the original case reported in Sweden, clinical observations suggested that Ixodes ricinus ticks were a vector for ECM in Europe and the distribution of cases in Europe corresponds to the distribution of this tick, although one case outside this range has been reported following mosquito bites. Through similar observations, I. dammini and I. pacificus ticks have been established as vectors in the United States. In Australia, a vector has not been established, and none of the recognized vectors of Lyme disease occur there. The reporting of cases of Lyme disease from widely separated parts of the world involving multiple vectors suggests the disease may, in the future, be recognized in additional areas.