Ionospheric Electron Density and Conductance Changes in the Auroral Zone During Substorms

Ionospheric Electron Density and Conductance Changes in the Auroral Zone During Substorms
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亚暴期间极光区电离层电子密度和电导变化

DOI:
10.1029/2021ja029572
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Rogov D. D.
Rogov D. D.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Stepanov N. A.;Sergeev V. A.;Shukhtina M. A.;Ogawa Y.;Chu X.;Rogov D. D.

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亚暴期间磁层高能电子的增强降水增加了电离层电子密度和电导。这种增强的时间尺度为几个小时,现有的电离层模型无法再现。我们使用线性预测滤波器(LPF)方法根据位于特罗姆瑟的欧洲非相干 SCATer 雷达进行的长期电离层观测来重建与亚暴相关的电子密度和积分电导响应。为了表征 5 分钟时间步长的亚暴极化强度,我们使用中纬度正海湾指数。我们将响应函数(LP 滤波器)构建为不同磁本地时间 (MLT) 扇区中 T0−1 h 和 T0+ 4 h 之间的亚暴时间(T0 是亚暴爆发时间)的函数,以估计不同高度下电离层密度响应的幅度和延迟。系统性和大的相对变化主要在 D 区和 E 区观察到。响应持续时间约为 3 小时。它在午夜附近开始并达到最大震级,从那里向东传播,并在进入午晚区域后衰减。 D 区响应与独立导出的极光吸收响应的一致性证实了 LPF 结果的可靠性。虽然在夜间的 E 区和 D 区都可以看到强烈的电离增加,但在早晨的白天区 D 区响应更强。这种MLT变化对应于亚暴偶极期间注入夜侧磁层的高能电子的漂移运动和沉淀。推断的电离变化导致夜侧极光区积分霍尔(和佩德森)电导的强烈增强,已知在亚暴期间会出现强烈的极光流
Enhanced precipitation of magnetospheric energetic electrons during substorms increases ionospheric electron density and conductance. Such enhancements, which have timescales of a few hours, are not reproduced by the existing ionospheric models. We use the linear prediction filter (LPF) method to reconstruct the substorm‐related response of electron densities and integral conductances from long‐term ionospheric observations made by the European Incoherent SCATer radar located at Tromsø. To characterize the intensity of substorm dipolarization at a 5 min time step, we use the midlatitude positive bay index. We build response functions (LP filters) as a function of substorm time between T0−1 h and T0+ 4 h (T0is a substorm onset time) in different magnetic local time (MLT) sectors to estimate the magnitude and delays of the ionospheric density response at different altitudes. Systematic and large relative changes are mostly observed in the D‐ and E regions. The duration of the response is about 3 h. It starts and reaches maximum magnitude near midnight, propagating from there toward the east and decaying after passing into the noon‐evening sector. The reliability of LPF results is confirmed by the consistency of D‐region response with independently derived response of the auroral absorption. Whereas strong ionization increases are seen in both E‐ and D‐regions on the nightside, the D‐region response is stronger in the morning‐dayside sector. Such MLT variation corresponds to the drift motion and precipitation of the high‐energy electrons injected in the nightside magnetosphere during substorm dipolarization. The inferred ionization changes result in strong enhancements of integral Hall (and Pedersen) conductance in the nightside auroral zone, where intense auroral currents are known to occur during substorms
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