Rodent models of genetic and chromosomal variations in psychiatric disorders.
Rodent models of genetic and chromosomal variations in psychiatric disorders.
复制标题
精神疾病遗传和染色体变异的啮齿动物模型。
DOI：
10.1111/pcn.12524
复制
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Takumi T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nomura J;Kannan G;Takumi T
由于导致这些疾病的因素众多，阐明复杂的人类精神疾病的分子基础具有挑战性。遗传和染色体变化是被认为与精神疾病有关的两个因素。事实上，在自闭症谱系障碍、精神分裂症和相关精神疾病中已经确定了许多风险位点。在这里，我们介绍了干扰大脑兴奋抑制平衡的遗传动物模型和反映人类染色体异常的动物模型，这两者都可能与自闭症谱系障碍的病理生理学有关。此外，我们讨论了最近独特的翻译研究使用啮齿动物模型，如Cntnap 2敲除小鼠，Mecp 2突变小鼠，Pick 1敲除小鼠，和新生大鼠腹侧海马损伤。通过使用这些模型，在发育期间给予几种类型的药物，以观察对成人精神病症状和神经活动的影响。从最近的动物研究中积累的证据提供了一个信息丰富的干预策略，作为一个转化研究。
Elucidating the molecular basis of complex human psychiatric disorders is challenging due to the multitude of factors that underpin these disorders. Genetic and chromosomal changes are two factors that have been suggested to be involved in psychiatric disorders. Indeed, numerous risk loci have been identified in autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenia, and related psychiatric disorders. Here, we introduce genetic animal models that disturb excitatory‐inhibitory balance in the brain and animal models mirroring human chromosomal abnormalities, both of which may be implicated in autism spectrum disorder pathophysiology. In addition, we discuss recent unique translational research using rodent models, such asCntnap2knockout mouse,Mecp2mutant mouse,Pick1knockout mouse, and neonatal ventral hippocampal lesion rat. By using these models, several types of drugs are administered during the developmental period to see the effect on psychotic symptoms and neural activities in adults. The accumulating evidence from recent animal studies provides an informative intervention strategy as a translational research.