Modern biogeography of benthic foraminifera in an urbanized tropical marine ecosystem
Modern biogeography of benthic foraminifera in an urbanized tropical marine ecosystem
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城市化热带海洋生态系统中底栖有孔虫的现代生物地理学
DOI：
10.1144/sp529-2022-175
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Yasuhara, Moriaki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mamo, Briony L.;Cybulski, Jonathan D.;Hong, Yuanyuan;Harnik, Paul G.;Chao, Anne;Tsujimoto, Akira;Wei, Chih-Lin;Baker, David M.;Yasuhara, Moriaki
我们研究了在高度城市化的热带海域（如香港）底栖有孔虫的生物地理学，以评估它们作为生物指示物相对于其他海洋动物的效用。香港是地球上最大的沿海城市之一，可以对该地区的其他底栖动物进行比较研究。我们发现：(1)浑浊、泥泞的栖息地拥有独特的有孔虫动物群；(2)富营养化程度中等的地区有孔虫物种多样性最高；(3)半封闭和重度污染环境中有孔虫动物群特征明显，分类多样性低，优势度高，适应海洋环境压力。香港有孔虫的生物多样性格局与其他软沉积大型及小型动物群（如多毛类、软体动物及介形虫）大致一致；然而，有孔虫可能比其他类群对富营养化和沿海食物网的相关变化更敏感。一些物种对富营养化和缺氧条件的耐受性意味着有孔虫动物群可以在各种环境条件下作为生物指标，而珊瑚对富营养化的敏感性导致它们无法在富营养化环境中生存。众所周知，有孔虫类群的自生态学有助于表征不同生境的环境条件和区域环境梯度。虽然在比较多个分类类群的数据时，使用动物群作为生物指标可能是最可靠的，但当没有如此广泛的采样时，底栖有孔虫特别适合于环境评估，因为它们无处不在，种间环境的广度，以及个体分类群的环境偏好。
We investigated the biogeography of benthic foraminifera in a highly urbanized tropical seascape, ie Hong Kong, in order to assess their utility as bioindicators relative to other marine fauna. Hong Kong is one of the largest coastal cities on the planet and studies of other benthic fauna in the region are available for comparison. We found that:(1) turbid, muddy habitats host a unique foraminiferal fauna;(2) areas with intermediate levels of eutrophication have the highest foraminiferal species diversity;(3) semi-enclosed and heavily polluted environments host a distinct foraminiferal fauna, characterized by low taxonomic diversity and/or high dominance, and that is acclimated to stressful marine conditions. Biodiversity patterns of foraminifera in Hong Kong are generally consistent with those of other soft-sediment macro-and meio-fauna (eg polychaetes, molluscs and ostracods); however, foraminifera may be more sensitive than these other groups to eutrophication and associated changes in coastal food webs. The tolerance of some, but not other, species to eutrophic and hypoxic conditions means that foraminiferal faunas can serve as bioindicators across a wide array of environmental conditions, in contrast with corals whose sensitivity to eutrophication results in their absence from eutrophied settings. The well-known autoecology of foraminifera taxa can help to characterize environmental conditions of different habitats and regional environmental gradients. Although the use of fauna as bioindicators may be most robust when data are compared for multiple taxonomic groups, when such broad sampling is not available, benthic foraminifera are particularly well suited for environmental assessments due to their ubiquity, interspecific environmental breadth, and the well-understood environmental preference of individual taxa.